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目录：dispute英 [dɪˈspjuːt] 美 [dɪˈspjuːt; ˈdɪspjuːt]
这个单词可以看作表示否定的前缀【dis】 【pute】构成。【pute】的有道词典解释如下：
pute英 [pjuːt]
adj. 单纯的
Everytime we talked about our younger brothers, they are so pute, honesty, handsome and their future should be so bright.
每次都会谈到我们的弟弟，他们是那么的单纯、正直、英俊和充满前途。
那么【dispute】是【pute】的相反意思，就是否认，引申为对...提出质疑，再引申出争论的意思。有道词典关于【dispute】的解释如下：
n. 争论，辩论，纠纷
v. 对……提出质疑，否认；争论，辩论；争夺，竞争；<旧>阻止（着陆），抵抗（进攻）
[ 复数 disputes 第三人称单数 disputes 现在分词 disputing 过去式 disputed 过去分词 disputed ]
短语
labor dispute 劳资纠纷 ; 劳动争议 ; 劳动纠纷 ; 劳资矛盾
in dispute 在争议中 ; 争议中 ; 在争论中 ; 处于争议中
territorial dispute 领土纠纷 ; 领土争端 ; 领土纷争 ; 领土争夺
dispute settlement body 争端解决机构 ; 争端解决机制 ; 机制 ; 争端处理机构
beyond dispute 不容争议的 ; 没有争论余地的 ; 无可争议 ; 无疑地
mediation of dispute 商业纠纷调解 ; 商业纠纷 ; 商业纠缠调整 ; 商业胶葛调停
contractual dispute 合同上的争议 ; 合同争议 ; 合同纠纷 ; 条约上的争议
industrial dispute [工经] 工业纠纷 ; 劳资纠纷 ; 劳资争执 ; 产业争端
civil dispute [法] 民事纠纷 ; 民事争议 ; 民间纠纷柯林斯英汉双解大词典
dispute /dɪˈspjuːt/ CET4 TEM4 ( disputing, disputed, disputes )
1. N-VAR A dispute is an argument or disagreement between people or groups. 争论
例：They have won previous pay disputes with the government.
他们曾赢过前几起与政府的工资纠纷。
2. V-T If you dispute a fact, statement, or theory, you say that it is incorrect or untrue. 反驳
例：He disputed the allegations.
他驳斥了这些无根据的指控。
例：Nobody disputed that Davey was clever.
没有人反驳戴维是聪明的。
3. V-RECIP When people dispute something, they fight for control or ownership of it. You can also say that one group of people dispute something with another group. 争夺 (控制权、所有权)
例：Russia and Ukraine have been disputing the ownership of the fleet.
俄罗斯和乌克兰一直在争夺该舰队的所有权。
4. PHRASE If two or more people or groups are in dispute, they are arguing or disagreeing about something. (人或组织) 有争议的
例：The two countries are in dispute over the boundaries of their coastal waters.
两国对它们沿海海域的边界是有争议的。
5. PHRASE If something is in dispute, people are questioning it or arguing about it. (某事物) 有争议的
例：The schedule for the talks has been agreed, but the location is still in dispute.
会谈的时间表已经达成一致，但地点尚有争议。
词组短语同近义词同根词词语辨析
dispute resolution [法律]调解纠纷
in dispute 在争论中
labor dispute 劳动争议；劳资纠纷
dispute about 争论，辩论
trade dispute 贸易纠纷
beyond dispute 无疑地；没有争论余地
labour dispute 劳资争议
legal dispute 法律纠纷
dispute settlement body 争端解决机构；争端处理机构；争端解决机制
under dispute 在争论中settle dispute 解决争端；解决争议
双语例句原声例句权威例句
She played a key role in the dispute.
她在争论中起着举足轻重的作用。
The town is in uproar over the dispute.
该城对此争端一片哗然。
They supported their sisters in the dispute.
在争论中，她们支持自己的姐妹。
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Unit 1
1.It’s 形容词 for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是......的。
2.It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的。
3.It’s easy to do sth. 做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer.
找出答案对我们来说是容易的
4. few、a few、little、a little 的区别和联系
(1)few / a few 用来修饰可数名词。
few 表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有;
a few 表示有肯定意思， 有几个。
例如:
He has few friends here, and he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket.
篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
(2)little / a little 用来修饰不可数名词。
little 表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。
例如:
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗?
5. What’ s the matter?
怎么啦?出什么事情了?
What’ s the matter with you?
= What’s the trouble with you?
= What’ s wrong with you?
6. I had a cold.我感冒了。
(1)have a cold
=catch a cold感冒
have the flu 流感
(2)have a fever 发烧
have a cough 咳嗽
have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼
have a toothache 牙疼
have a headache 头疼
7. 身体部位 ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词 stomach ache=stomachache 胃痛
head ache=headache 头痛
tooth ache=toothache 牙痛
back ache=backache 后背痛
8.lots of=a lot of, 许多，大量;
a lot 十分，很
(1) a lot of=lots of 可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。
There are lots of ( a lot of) books in our library.我们图书馆里有许多书。
There is a lot of water on the ground.
地上有很多水。
(2) a lot
是一个副词词组，跟动词连用;表示十分，很等意思; Thanks a lot.多谢了。
9. get off (the bus) 下(公交车)
get on 上车
10. agree 同意，赞同;
(1)agree with sth.同意某事
如:I agree with that idea.我同意这个想法。
(2) agree to sb. 同意某人的意见
如:I agree to Lilei.我同意李磊的意见 。
11. trouble 问题，麻烦
(1)be in trouble 遇到麻烦，
(2)make trouble 制造麻烦
(3) have trouble (in) doing sth.
=have difficulties (in) doing sth
做......有麻烦。
12. right away:立刻，马上
=right now
=at once
13. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事
take a risk=take risks 冒险
14. exercise 练习、锻炼
当 exercise 意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加 s 当 exercise 意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加 s
15. hurt
(1)及物动词，使......疼痛，......受伤，
He hurt his leg while he was exercising.他在锻炼的时候伤了腿。
(2)不及物动词，......(部位)疼。
His leg hurt badly.
他的腿疼得很厉害。
16. clean
(1)【动词】打扫
clean the classroom 打扫教室
(2)【形容词】 干净的
(3)cleaner 意为 清洁工
17. hit (用手或器具)打;击打
The boy hit the dog with a stone.那个男孩用石头打狗。
(1) hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，
on 用在所打较硬的部位;
(2) hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach
打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的部位。
18. run out 用完，用尽
(1)主语物 sth run out. 某物用尽了。
When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
当他的水用完的时候，他知道他必须做些什么来挽救自己的生命。
(2)主语人 sb. run out of sth.
人用尽了某物。
He run out of all his money last night.他昨晚花光了所有的钱。
Unit 2
1.cheer (sb.) up
使(某人)高兴、振作 如:
cheer me up 使我高兴
2.clean up 打扫
clean-up n. 打扫
3. volunteer to do
v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献
volunteer n. 志愿者
4. come up with
=think up 提出想出
catch up with 赶上追上
5. put off doing 推迟做某事
put on 穿上 (指过程) wear 穿着 (指状态) He is putting up his shoes.
他正穿上鞋子。
She wears a pink sweater.
她穿着一件粉色的毛衣。
put up 张贴
6. write down 写下 记下
7. call up 打电话
=make a telephone call
8. set up 成立;建立
The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在 2000 年成立的。
9. put ...to use 把... 投入使用，利用
They put the new machine to use.
他们把新机器投入使用
10. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事
help him (to) study 帮助他学习
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
help him with English 帮他学英语
help do 帮助做某事
help study 帮助学习
11. plan to do 计划做某事
plan 从句
I plan to go to Beijing.
= I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.
我计划去北京。
12. spend ... doing 花费...做...
I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的时间去参观北京。
spend... on sth. 花费...在...
I spent 3 years on English.我花了三年时间学英语。 13. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织)
如:join the Party 入党
take part in 参加 (指参加活动)
如 take part in sports meeting 参加运动会
14. be able to do 能够做某事
be unable to do 不能够做某事
15. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事
如:thank you for helping me
谢谢做帮助我
16. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问
You don’t have money. That’s for sure.
你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。
17. fill... with...
使...充满... 用...填充...
She filled the bowl with water.
她用水填满碗。
18. help sb. out
帮助...做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题。请你帮我解决。
19. train n. 火车
train v. 训练
train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things.
她训练她的狗去取东西。
20. at once = right away 立刻,马上
如:
Do it at once. 马上去做。
I’ll go there at once/ right away.
我马上去那里。
Unit 3
1.at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 最多
2.finish v 结束;完成
finish doing sth 做完某事
— Can you finish reading these books before 10 o'clock?
— Yes, I can.
—你能在 10 点前读完这些书吗?
—是的，我能。
3.all the time = always
一直;总是
4.in surprise 惊奇地;吃惊地
surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的→surprised adj. 吃惊的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是
in surprise 吃惊地
be surprised at 对......感到吃惊
To my surprise，he got the first prize in the exam.使我吃惊的是，他考试得了第一名。
5. share 分享;共用
share sth 分享或共用某物
Share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物
6.hang out 闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起
7. pass (1)v 给;递;走过;通过
pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人
pass on 传递
Please pass the paper on to the other students.请把试卷传给其他同学。
(2) v 通过;路过 I often pass your home.我经常路过你家。
(3) v 通过(考试);及格 Tom can pass his math exam.汤姆能通过数学考试。 8.try (not) to do sth 努力(不)做某事。
(1)try on 试穿
(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】
(3) try doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth
= do one’s best to do sth
尽某人最大努力做某事
9 .hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。
I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务
hate doing sth 不愿意做某事，表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。
She hates smoking in her room.她讨厌在她的房间里抽烟。
10.ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 请求，要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人询问关于某事
ask sb.for help 向某人请求帮助
ask sb. not to do sth 不让某人做某事
ask for help 寻求帮助
11.help v 帮助 → helpful adj.有帮助的
(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth.
帮助某人做某事
(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help 在某人的帮助之下 (3)without the help of 没有在...的帮助之下
12. invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地
invite v → invitation n 邀请
(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to 地点 邀请某人去某地
13.make sb. do sth 让某人做某事
make →made →made v. 做，制作，使得
14.have time to do sth.有时间做某事
15.a waste of 浪费
a waste of time 浪费时间
a waste of money 浪费金钱
16.spend... on sth 在某事上花费......
spend/pay/cost/take 花费
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
◆ sb. spend 时间/钱 on sth
◆sb. spend 时间/钱 (in) doing sth
He spends too much time on the computer games. 他花太多时间在电脑游戏上了。 (2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
◆sb. pay 钱 for sth
I paid 10 yuan for the book.我花了 10 元买这本书。 (3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb. 钱 某物花费某人多少钱
A new computer costs me a lot of money.一台新电脑花了我不少钱。
(4)take→took → taken v 花费
◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.
做某事花费某人多长时间
It took him 3 hours to do his homework.他做作业花了 3 个小时。
17. (1) provide
为应急等做好准备而“提供;供给”
provide sb. with sth.=provide sth for sb.
提供某人某物
(2) offer
侧重表示“愿意给予”
offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.
对某人提供某物
offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
(3) supply
定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品
supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物
18. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.
无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。
anyway 无论如何, (一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开)
19. do one’s part 尽职责;尽本分
do one’s part in doing sth
在做某事上尽职责
20. As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.
结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。
as a result 结果(插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开)
21.fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
22.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
the 比较级， the 比较级 “越...... 越...... ” The more you smile, the happier you will feel. 你笑得越多，你就会越开心。
Unit 4
1.Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢?
2.allow v 允许
allow doing sth 允许做某事
They don’t allow smoking. 他们不允许抽烟。
allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事
be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
3.What’s wrong( with sb./ sth) (某人/物) 怎么了?
4.find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事
Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class. 王老师发现李东在课堂上读故事书。
5.angry adj. 生气的
angrily adv. 生气地
(1) be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气
(2) (2)be angry at/about sth 对某事感到生气
(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气
6.although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。 though / although 不能与 but 连用
7.leave v 遗忘,留下
leave sth somewhere 把某物忘在某地 8.hope v 希望
hope to do sth
hope that 从句 (表示希望)
wish v 希望
wish to do sth
wish sb.to do sth
wish that 从句 表示愿望,从句用虚拟语气 9..get on with sb
=get along with sb 和某人和睦相处;和某人关系良好 get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏
10..argue 争吵
argument n 争论
have an argument with sb.与某人辩论
argue with sb. 与某人争吵
argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事
11.hang over 挂在......之上; 悬浮在......之上 hang out 闲逛;常去某处
hang on to 紧紧抓住
hang up 挂电话;悬挂
12..elder adj.年纪较长的
elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系,常用作定语
older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系,可以用作表语,是 old 的比较级形式。 13.be nice to sb.
be friendly to sb.
be good to sb.
对某人友好
14..refuse =say no to v 拒绝 refuse to do sth 拒绝去做某事
15.instead 代替,反而,替
(1) instead 副词 代替,常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做,而做了后面的事情。
Tom was ill so I went instead.汤姆病了,所以我去了。
(2) instead of n/doing 代替,而不是,放在句中
instead of 为介词短语,后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。例: She wrote to him instead of calling him.
=She didn't call him. She wrote to him instead.
她没有给他打电话，而是写信给他。
16.communicate v 交流 communication n 交流;沟通 communicate with sb. 和某人交流
17..explain 解释;说明
explanation n 解释;说明
explain sth to sb. 向某人解释某事。
explain to sb sth 给某人解释某事
18.be worried about sth. 担心某事
worry v 担心 → worried adj. 焦急的
worry about = be worried about 为......担心 19. return
(1)v 归还=give back
return ... to ... = give back to ...
把......还给......
(2) v 回来;返回 = come back
20.opinion n 意见;想法;看法
in one’s opinion 以某人的观点;在某人看来 give opinions about sth. 给出关于某事的观点。
21.cut up 切碎
cut down 砍到
cut in 插队
cut off 切断(水、电)供应
cut out 删除;删去 (v adv)
22.succeed v 成功,达到
→success n 成功
→successful adj 成功的
→successfully adv 成功地
◆succeed in doing sth
23.compareAwith B 将A和B 比较 (1)compare...with... 把......与.....做比较 (2) compare...to... 把.....比做......
24.keep on doing 继续做某事
keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事 keep up with 跟上
keep sb. from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 keep away from 避开
Unit 5
1. arrive at 到达(小地方)
arrive in 到达(大地方)
2. in front of... 在 ...... 的前面 (某一范围外的前面) in the front of ... 在 ...... 的前面(某一范围内的前面)
3. take off
(1)起飞
(2)脱下(衣帽等)
4. get out (of ) ... 从......离开出去下来
5. follow
(1) 跟随
(2) 沿着......前进
(3) 听懂,理解 I can’t follow you .
(4 )follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事
6. amazing 形容词,修饰名词令人惊奇的, 令人惊讶的
be amazed at ... 对...... 感到惊讶
Everyone was amazed at the bad news . 每个人对这个坏消息都感到惊讶。
7. shout at 大声喊叫 多指因生气而非善意的大声叫喊
shout to 大声喊叫 多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊
8.happen 发生 具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生 sth happens to sb. 某人发生了某事
9. anywhere 任何地方 常用于否定句或疑问句中. somewhere 某个地方 用于肯定句
everywhere 处处, 到处 = here and there 10. silence 名词, 寂静
Keep in silence . 保持沉默.
silent 形容词, 沉默的, 寂静的
The old house was quite silent . 这所老房子寂静无声。
11. (1) hear of 听说 , 后接表示人或物的词
I have never heard of him before . 我以前从来没有听说过他.
( 2 ) hear about 听说, 后接表示事件的名词
Have you heard about the accident ? 你听说了那场事故吗?
(3 ) hear from 收到某人的来信
I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday .我昨天收到在纽约的女儿的来信。
12. have fun
玩得开心,过得愉快
have fun doing sth.开心做某事
I’m just having fun playing the guitar . 我正开心的弹吉他呢。
13 .be afraid of sth 害怕某物
afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
He is afraid to go out at night . 他害怕晚上出去。
be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
He is afraid of going out at night .他害怕晚上出去。
14.(1)think about 考虑 (某个计划 )
They are thinking about moving to Beijing . 他们考虑搬去北京。 (2)think of 认为
What do you think of the movie ?
=how do you like the movie ?
(3)think over 仔细思考
We need a few days to think over this matter . 我们需要几天时间来考虑这个事情。
UNIT4 :
必背词汇：
名词：
deal协议;交易[新义v.处理,对待] relation关系;联系;交往
communication交流;沟通 cloud云;云朵
member成员;分子[新义n会员] pressure压力
opinion意见;想法;看法 skill技艺;技巧[新义n.技术,技能]
football(美式）橄榄球;足球 development发展:发育:成长
动词：
allow允许;准许 guess 猜测;估计
argue争吵;争论 offer主动提出;自愿给予
communicate交流;沟通 explain 解释;说明
copy 抄袭;模仿;复制;复印[新义n.一份;副本]
return归还;回来;返回 compete竞争;对抗
continue持续;继续存在 compare 比较
push 鞭策;督促;推动 cause造成;引起[新义n.原因;起因;理由]
形容词：
wrong有毛病;错误的 elder年纪较长的
nervous焦虑的;担忧的 proper正确的;恰当的
clear清楚易懂的;晴朗的 typical典型的
quick快的;迅速的;时间短暂的 cray不理智的;疯狂的
usual通常的;寻常的
副词：
instead 代替;反而;却 secondly第二:其次
anymore（常用于否定句和疑问句末）再也（不);(不)再
perhaps 可能;大概;也许
代词：
whatever 任何；每一
目标短语：
look through快速查看;浏览 big deal重要的事
work out成功地发展;解决 get on with和睦相处;关系良好
cut out删除;删去 compare. . .with比较;对比
in one's opinion依……看
常考句型:
1. My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends.
我父母不允许我和我的朋友们闲逛。
(allow sb.to do sth. ; hang ouut with sb.)
2. Why don't you go to sleep earlier this evening?
那你不如今晚早点儿睡吧。
(Why don't you do...?)
3. If your parents are having problems，you should offer to help.
如果你的父母遇到问题，你应该主动提供帮助。
（offer to do sth.)
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.
他应该和他的朋友谈谈，这样他能说声歉。
(so that 引导目的状语从句)
5. Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes,
妈妈们把小孩送去上各种各样的学习班。
( send sb.to...)
重点语法：时间状语从句
考向1：
1. until作连词, "直到……为止",引导时间状语从句时,需注意:
主句是肯定句时,其谓语用延续性动词,强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生时为止, "直到……为止"
I’ll stay here until you come back. 我会待在这里,直到你回来。
2.主句是否定句时,其谓语用非延续性动词,强调主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始, "直到……才……"
(1) We can't get off the bus until it stops.
直到公共汽车停下来时我们才可以下车。
(2) We didn't start our discussion until he arrived.
直到他到了,我们才开始讨论。
例题：
-- Do you know the traffic rules?
--Sure,one of them is that we can’t go across the street____the light is green.
A. until B. after C.if
考向2：
so that 意为"为了,以便，引导目的状语从句,相当于in order that，从可中多含有can 、 could 、 may、might等情态动词。
I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.
我搭了一辆出租车,为的是能早点儿到那儿。
【拓展延伸】
so that还可引导结果状语从句, "因此;所以"。此时从句中通常不含情态动词。
The movie was boring so that half of the audience was asleep.
这部电影太无聊了,所以—半儿的观众都睡着了
例题:
(2020. 滨州中考)
- -I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do?
-- Be more active in class_____ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A so that B. unless
C. or D. although
考向3：
although “尽管；然而”引导让步状语从句，相当于though
1.Although we are neighbors, I don't know them well.
尽管我们是邻居，但我对他们却不太了解。
2.Although she was in poor health, she continued to carry out her duties.尽管她身体不好，但仍然继续执行任务。
{易错警示]
although或though不能与but用在同一句子中,但可以与yet still同时使用。
Although/Though he was badly ill, he still went to school.
尽管他病得很重,但还是去上学了。
(2021. 杭州中考)
A_____the traffic was heavy, we got to the railway station
on time.
Word of the Day:December 31, 2020
contestation
争论；论点；争端
noun kahn-tess-TAY-shun
Definition
: controversy, debate
争议，争辩
Examples
The book examines how political contestation has changed in recent decades.
该书探讨了近几十年来政治争端的变化。
"But the First World War took a heavy toll on Britain…. The war also gave rise to contestations of British rule in countries such as India and Iraq." — Louis A. Delvoie, The Owen Sound (Ontario, Canada) Sun Times, 11 Dec. 2020
但是第一次世界大战给英国造成了巨大的损失……。另外战争还引起了英国在印度和伊拉克等国家统治权的争端。
Did You Know?
The Latin phrase lītem contestārī can be translated as "to join issue in a legal suit," which in layperson's terms means to reach the point in a lawsuit when it's clear to the parties involved what the exact nature of the dispute is. Lītem contestārī is the probable ultimate source of both contestation and contest, the latter having first come to English as a verb meaning "to make the subject of dispute, contention, or battle." But while contest has gone on to have a life at home in another part of speech and in contexts ranging from sports to art, contestation continues to dwell mainly in serious speech and writing about adversarial dynamics between groups of people.
可以将拉丁语“lītem Competitionārī ”翻译为“ to join issue in a legal suit「以诉讼方式进行讨论」”，用外行的话来说，在诉讼中，当事各方都清楚争议的真实情况时，才是关键。 LītemCompetitionārī 可能是contestation和contest的词源，后者首先作为动词出现在英语中，意思是“to make the subject of dispute，contention， or battle「主要表争端，争执或战斗中」”。但是，contest做演讲用可以用在体育、艺术等各种环境中，甚至连家中都可以使用，contestation主要用于严肃的演讲和撰写有关人群抗争运动的文章中使用。
Test Your Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks to complete a word for partisan and contentious quarreling:
d _ s _ _ _ s _ _ n.
必修 I---------1 Friendship
一、知识点
1. be good to 对……友好
be good for 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…
I will be good to other people.我会善良的对待其他人.
It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun. 在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。
The Olympics will be good for business. 奥运会的召开将有利于商业的发展。
be good at 擅长 make good 有成就；成功 as good as 实际上；几乎 ;等于
a good deal 许多，大量 彻底的；完全的；痛快的 to have a good drink喝个痛快
2. add up 加起来
add up to 合计，总计
add… to 把……加到…… add to 增加
Add up your score and see how many points you get? 把你的分数加起来，看看得多少？
Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
Good friends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed.
The figures add up to 270. 这些数字加起来是 270。
You shouldn't add fuel to the flame 你不应该火上加油
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。
The bad weather added to the shipwrecked sailors' difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了失事船只的船员们的困难。
Your friend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.
not…until/till 意思是"直到…才"，表示主句谓语所表示的动作,直到until 状语所表示的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。
They did not come back until eleven. 他们会在十一点后回来。
I did not notice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。
4. You had to pay to get it repaired
get sth done 使……完成/让某人做某事
5. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!
calm …down 使平息, 使平静
calm down 平息/平静下来
The crying child soon calmed down.哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来。
It was a long time before he managed to calm himself down. 过了很久他才努力使自己冷静下来。
We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
6. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him. be concerned about 关心，挂念
He was very concerned about his children's education. 他很关心他儿子的教育。
Please don't be concerned about me.请别为我操心。
Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？
7. Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
go on holiday 度假
be on holiday 正在休假
What fun it will be when we all go on holiday together.我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.
take care of 爱护，照料
take care 注意，当心
You are not (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health. 你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。
8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 在遛狗的时候，你一粗心松开了手中的狗链。
当 while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和 be 动词省去。
walk sb home/ to a place: 为保证安全而陪某人去某地 It's late ----let me walk you home.
9. take one's end-of-term exam 参加期末考试
10. Your friend, who doesn't work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）
cheat in the exam 考试作弊
11. look at someone else's paper 看别人的试卷
12. make a list of reasons 列举一些原因
13. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗？
14. go through 遭遇；经历；熬过；用光(钱)；获准，通过
It can go through the test of the time. 它能经受时间的考验.
She knew that she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.
He would go through fire and water for his country. 他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
15. hide away 躲藏；隐藏
16. I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,…我不愿像大多数人一样在日记中记流水账，……
Why don't you set your ideas down on paper?
We have had a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
16. I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
17. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的
歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。
18. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上，我熬到 11 点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
19. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。
She speaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
20. I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 黄昏时我碰巧在楼上，那时窗户是开着的。
sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
What happened to him?
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 正巧 it so happened that 。。。
It happened that he was seen by his father. = He happened to be seen by his father.他碰巧被他父亲看见了。
As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
The street lights go on at dusk. 街上的路段在傍晚时分亮起来。
21. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
It is the first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
It was the first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用过去完成时)
the first time 可作从属连词用，引导时间状语从句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.
It was the first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
I have often heard of her. Actually, I've never met her face to face.
22. in one's power 处于……的控制之中
I have got him in my power. I can ask him to do anything I want. 我控制了他，我可以让他为我做任何事。
23. It's no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
It's no good/ use doing sth. 做某事时没用的。
24. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
25. suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受
Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam. 世界上大多数大城市都交通堵塞为患。
26. It was such fun to watch it run loose in the park.
27. I've got tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.
28. I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
29. Mum asked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with 名词/代词(宾格) 分词/形容词/介词短语/不定式/副词在句中常作伴随状语。动词形式的选择取决于宾语同动词之间的逻辑关系。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
30. have some trouble with sb or sth. 在……上遇到了麻烦
I have some trouble with my studies.
31. get along … with sb/sth. 与某人相处怎样/某事进展如何？
If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
32. This has made me angry.…he made her diary her best friend…
make 后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带 to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb. do sth.让(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被动句中，不定式前要加 to)
make sb. /sth. adj.使某人/物…We should do our best to make our
country stronger and more beautiful.
make sb./ oneself v-ed 让某人 /自己被…When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
(4) make sb. n. 使某人成为…
make it n. /adj. (for sb.) to do sth. We made him leader of our team.
(注意表示职位的名词前不加冠词)
He made it easy for us to understand the text.
33. I'm not good at communicating with people.
34. Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to make friends with them.
35. I do want to change this situation, but I don't know how.
36. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
37. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。 （I would be grateful if… 委婉客气提出请求）
38. join in discussions and show interest in other people's ideas
39. It's a good habit for you to keep a diary. 记日记对你来说是个好习惯。
40. Why not have a try?
41.True friends are like wine; the older, the better.
42. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
43. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
二、练习
一）把句子补充完整
1. 你把所有的数加起来就会知道
You will know the __________ when you _______ ________ all the numbers.
2. 我们努力想让他平静下来，但他还是激动地大叫。
We tried to _________ him _________ but he kept __________ excitedly.
3. 玛丽在医院里住了很长一段时间后，恢复了健康。
After a long stay________ _________ Mary ________
4. 李鸣在这里定居后，和邻居们相处得很好。
Since Li Ming _________ here, he has ________ _______ _____ ________ his neighbours.
5. 如果你不想和我在一起，你就收拾东西走人。
If you don't want to stay with me, you can _______ _______ and go.
6. 战争期间，我受了很多苦。我用日记记下自己的经历，以便老了以后能够记住。
During the war, I ________ a lot. I wrote my diary to ________ ________ my ___________, so I would __________ them when I was old.
二）填入所缺的词。
1.It was quite terrible. It took me some time to c______ down myself.
2.Parents are always c_______ much about their children.
3.True friends always s______ their sadness and happiness with each other.
4.I'm terribly sorry. I didn't do it on p__________.
5. Some animals hibernate under snow, because there is much air in l______ snow.
6. A_______ to the law, t_______ are not allowed to smoke or drink.
7. The old man went t_______ many wars and s_____ a lot from them.
8. After the terrible hurricane, the whole house was destroyed e________.
9. If you have some trouble, you can go to the teacher for a_________.
10. By internet, we can c_________ with people all over the world c_________.
11. By now, he has formed the h______ of doing some reading before going to bed.
12. The r_____ he gave for his c_____ in the exam was simple.
三）选择填空
1、--- Mary's got crazy and has been sent to the mental hospital. Did you tell her boss about that?
--- Yes, but I _____ her husband first.
A. should have told B. shouldn't have told
C. must have told D. needn't have told
2、There was ______ time _____ Chinese used foreign oil.
A. a; when B. a; while C. /; when D. /; while
3．It was because of bad weather __________ the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
4.---Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it ________ purpose.
---That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _________ accident.
A. on; by B. by; by C. on; on D. by; on
5. What great trouble we had ___________ where his house was.
A. in finding B. to find C. find D. found
6. Some students have trouble _____ grammar while others have
difficulty______ new words.
A. in; remember B. for; to remember
C. on; remembering D. with; remembering
7． I cannot spend ________ money on the car which is _______expensive for me.
A. too much; much too B. far too; too much
C. much too; too much D. too many; much too
8．________ catch the first bus, he got up very early this morning.
A. In order to B. In order that
C. So as to D. So that
9. There are altogether 6 people in the room, the baby________.
A. include B. including C. included D. to include
10. The manager of the factory told us that very little ______ was made of the waste material in the past.
A. cost B. value C. use D. matter
11. There is no _____ swimming-pool in this school and the students often go to swim _____.
A. indoors; outdoors B. indoor; outdoor
C. indoor; outdoors D. indoor; indoors
12. It is the first time that I _______ this kind of moon cake.
A. enjoyed B. have enjoyed C. enjoy D. enjoying
13. When was it _____ your mother showed you around the West
Lake ？
A. until B. if C. which D. that
14． In the reading room , we found her _____ at a desk, with her
attention ____ on a book.
A. sitting; fixing B. to sit; fixed
C. seating; fixing D. seated; fixed
15．I'm glad you've come; I am _______ telephoning you.
A. at the point of B. to the point of
C. on the point of D. in the point of
必修 I--unit 1 练习参考答案
Answers
（一）
1. result, add, up 2.. calm, down, shouting 3. in, hospital, recovered. 4. settled, got , along, well, with
5. pack, up 6. suffered, set, down, experiences, remember
（二）
1. calm 2. concerned 3. share 4. purpose 5. loose 6.according, teenagers 7. through, suffered 8. entirely 9. advice 10. communicate 11.habit 12. reason, cheat
（三）
1-5 AADAA 6-10 DAACC 11-15 CBDDC
必修 I--unit 2 English around the world
一、知识点
1. go to the pictures 去看电影（美）；go to the movies 去看电影（英）
2. …list the countries that use English as an official language 列举把英语用作官方语言的国家
3. the road to …通向……之路
4. at the end of 在……末端，在……尽头，by the end 最后（=finally）
5. because of 因为…… （注意和 because 的区别）
Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。
An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.争论是不可避免的，因为他们彼此非常厌恶。
6. native English speakers 以英语作为母语的人
7. even if (= even thoug)即使，用来引导一个让步状语从句，后面既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但是 even if/even though,引导的从句中不用将来时。如：Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we will leavefor Beijing.
8. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出
9. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。
10. be different from… 与……不同
be different in … 在……不同
Most of my projects will be wildly different in performance from one night to the next.我多数作品每天晚上的演奏风格都各不相同。
As we know, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知，英国英语和美国英语有点不同。
11. be based on 以……为基础
The relationship between our two countries is based upon mutual respect. 两个国家的关系以相互尊重
为基础。
This book is based on a true story that happened in the 1930s. 这本书以发生在 20 世纪三十年代的真实故事为基础。
The reporterasked the writer who he based his character on. 记者问作家他作品的人物是以谁为原型的。
12. at present 目前，眼下 be present at 在席；出席 present sth to sb/ present sb with sth 把……推荐，呈现……for the present 眼前；暂时 present oneself 出席；到场
13. make (great/ good/better/full)use of
We have a lot of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我们有很多工作要做，所以要好好利用时间。
14. The latter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking.后者体现了美国英语的不同特色。
15. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. 比如说， 印度拥有众多讲英语流利的人，这是应为英国于 1765 到 1947 年统治过印度。(A small number of friends came to help him when he was in trouble)
16. such as 例如
for example In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy,girl, and book. 这一段里面有很多名词，例如男孩、女孩和书本。
Many great men have risen from poverty---Lincoln, for example. 许多伟人从贫困中崛起，例如林肯。You can take your research work for example. 你可以拿你的研究工作做个例子。
17. Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. 目前在中学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
18. the largest number of 大多数的
China has the largest number of people.中国有着世界上最多的人。
19. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native speaker. 中国人说英语很难像以英语为母语的人说英语那么流利。
20. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. 一个原因是英语有很大的词汇量。
21. different English speaking countries 不同的说英语的国家
22. sing sb a song = sing a song for sb
23. turn off turn on turn up turn down
24. hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等—会 hold on tovt. 拉住(抓牢)
25. believe it or not 信不信由你
26. those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语
27. … you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which） people speak. 你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
28. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一个角色；参与
play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用
Deng Xiaoping played an important part in developing the economy in China.邓小平在中国经济的发展过程中起着重要作用。
29. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方
30. the same …as… 与……一样
31. … they still recognize and understand each other's dialects. ……他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
32. No problem.没问题
33. a nice fall day = a lovely autumn day
34. at the top of…在…顶上，在最高位，
at the bottom of 在……底部
35. keep fit 保持健康
You need exercise and keep fit.你需要运动和保持体形。
36. build up 逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强
bring up 教养，养育；提出
37. When you learn English, try to have fun with the language. 当学英语的时候，努力找出语言的乐趣。
38. Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum. 博物馆要求参观的旅客不得在馆内拍照。
39. by candle light 借助于烛光
40. be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
Never be satisfied with just a little success. 不要有一点成绩就满足。
41. She suggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions, watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9,and trying to listen to native speakers.她建议用 CD 来听英语歌曲和学习英语短语，看新闻和中央电视台 9 套访谈，努力听以英语为母语的人说话。
It is suggested that ...有人提议... I suggest that ...我觉得[认为]
I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
42. at sea 在海上 当海员 迷惑, 茫然 by sea 乘船，经海路
by the sea在海边, 在海岸边 in the sea 在海里
on the sea 在海上
beyond/over the sea 在海外
She tried to understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.她费尽力气想看懂那些说明文字，却全然不知所云。
43. according to … 按照…… He lives according to her means 他按他的方式生活
二、练习
一）单项选择
1 Mr. Huang will ________ in the movement.
A. play a leading part B. take parts C. play leading part D. take a part
2. We discussed where to go for a whole morning, but we decided to stay at home_____.
A. at the end B. by the end C. in the end D. on end
3. _____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450.
A. A number B. A lot C. Lots D. The number
4. Sometimes ________ English is quite different from _______English in many ways.
A. speaking, writing B. spoken, written
C. speaking, written D. spoken, writing
5. Can you tell me if you have found the key ________ your car.
A. for B. to C. about D. by
6. When we visited Zhou Zhuang again ten years later, we found it changed so much that we could hardly ________ it.
A. remember B. think about C. believe D.recognize
7. It is so nice to hear from her, _______, we last met more than 30 years ago.
A. what's more B. that's to say C. in other words D. believe it or not
8. They lived a hard life and were often made _______ for over ten hours a day.
A. work B. to work C. to working D.worked
9. Do you have any difficulty ________?
A. on listening B. to listening C. for listening D.with listening
10. Please tell me the way you thought of _______ the garden.
A. take care of B. to take care of C. taking care of D. to take care
11. Can you explain how it _______ that you missed the morning classes?
A. came across B. came to C. came up D. came about
12. China Daily is ____ a newspaper, for it can also serve as a useful textbook for English study.
A. more than B. more or less C. less than D.more and more
13. The leader of the factory told us that very little _______ was made of the waste material in the past.
A. cost B. value C. use D. matter
14. The reason _____ being late for the meeting was ____ his little son fell ill this morning.
A. for, that B. why, that C. for, because D. why, because
15. You made the same mistake for _____ second time, dropping ____ "n" in the word "government".
A. a, the B.a , a C. the, an D. a, an
16. The president, together with his bodyguards, _____ to the nuclear station _____ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.
A. have come, which B. came, in which
C. has come, where D. came, in where
17."Not all of the dinosaurs were dangerous". This sentence means ____ .
A. none of the dinosaurs were dangerous.
B. all of the dinosaurs were not dangerous.
C. few of the dinosaurs were dangerous.
D. no dinosaurs were dangerous
18. －He asked Tom, "Have you finished your homework？"
－He asked Tom ______ .
A. if had he finished his homework.
B. whether he had finished his homework.
C. if he had finished homework.
D. if you had finished your homework.
19. He realized she was crying ________ what he had sad.
A. because B. because of C. as D. since
20. ------You haven't done it well.------ But I tried my best and did it ______ the way _______ I think is the best.
二）根据首字母提示完成句子。
1．Mr. Wu doesn't like the W ______-way of life, so he came back to our hometown last year.
2．She has a very large v____________ and she can read English novels now.
3．His n___________ language is not Chinese but he can speak it fluently.
4．Everyone went to see the film, me i_______________.
5．What the British call "petrol" the Americans call "g____________".
6．The UN is an i__________ organization that tries to solve problems between countries
7．In this part of the city, you can see ancient and m_______ buildings next to each other.
8．It is the duty of a g_______________ to provide education for the children of its countries.
9． I love working abroad and meeting people from different c__________.
10．We are concerned about the p__________ situation in the Middle East.
11．A_________, I've known Barbara for years since we were babies.
12．Jet Li has played lots of leading r_______ in Kong Fu films.
13．Though I hadn't seen Lily for ten years, I r_______ her voice immediately I picked up the phone.
14． Judging from his a_______, he must be from North East of China next to each other.
必修 I--Unit 2 练习参考答案
Keys
一）
1-5 ACDBB 6-10 DDBDB 11-15 DACAD 16-20 CBBBA
二）
1. Western 2. vocabulary 3. native 4. included 5.gas 6.international 7. modern 8. government 9. cultures 10.present 11.Actually 12. roles 13. recognized 14.accent
必修 I--unit 3
I---III Travel journal
一、知识点
1.advantages and disadvantages 优劣
2.How do they make use of it in their daily life? 在日常生活中他们是如何利用它的
3.flow through 流过，流经
4.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。 连词 since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词 since 与表示过去某一点时间的词语连用，副词 since后不用从句或词语。
It is/has been 一段时间 since 一般过去时(从句中的动作不能延续)自从……至今已经多久了。
since then 自从那时至今 ever since 从那以后一直
5.persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。
6.grow up in western Yunnan 在云南西部长大
7.After graduating fro college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.大学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。
8.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
强调句型 It is/was…that/who 的用法归纳如下：
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词 that 或 who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词 that。 强调句型应避免使用 when, where, which 等连词。
含一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句句型:
① 含一般疑问句的强调句型，其结构为： Is it 被强调部分 that/who 句子的其余部分？
② 特殊疑问句的强调句型结构形式为：特殊疑问词 is/was it that/who 句子的其余部分？
9.schedual for the trip 旅行计划
10.be fond of 喜欢，喜爱
Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。 （注意 1：Although conj. "尽管，虽然"，引导让步状语从句。拓展：① although 从句多在句首， though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且 though 可以作副词用于句末，作"但是，不过"讲，although 无此用法。② although 用来陈述事实而不用于假设，所以 as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，尽管)中不能用 although。③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同 as),而 although 不可以。注意2：insist 在这里的意思是"坚持要求"后面的 that 从句用虚拟语气；如果 insist 意为"强调，坚持认为"的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didn't tell a lie.她强调她没撒谎。另外，还可以用 insist on doing sth/ sth. 一定要、坚持主张，如：She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly 她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大。）
11.care about details 考虑细节 （The only thing he cares about is money.他唯一在乎的就是金钱。
care for 喜欢，照料，照顾 I don't really care for red wine. 我其实并不喜欢红葡萄酒。
Who will care for your child if you are out? 如果你外出了，谁来照顾你的孩子？
12.give me a determined look 给了我一个坚定的眼神
13.change one's mind 改变主意
14.…she seemed to be excited about it. 似乎显得兴奋
15.an interesting experience 一次有趣的经历
16.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步了。Once 可作为从属连词，作"一(旦)……就……"解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时，现在完成时表将来。
如：Once you have begin you must continue. Once printed，the book will be very popular。
17.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. 它穿过深谷时就变成了急流，流经云南西部。
18.It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. 河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻谷的平原。
19.He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything. 他太固执，没有一人能劝动他做事。
20.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. 不论工作多难，一个坚决的人总是努力地去完成它。
21.My grandpa is fond of fishing and sometimes he fishes all day in the river. 我爷爷喜欢钓鱼，有时他整天在河边钓鱼。
22.I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.我喜欢那件红色的衣服不喜欢那件绿色的，因为红色的更合我的身。
23.The concert went like clockwork because Li Pei organized it so well.音乐会顺利地进行，因为李佩组织地相当好。
24.I wanted to pay the train fare, but my friend insisted. Finally I gave in.我想付火车票费用，但我朋友坚持他付。最后我让步了。
25.She persuaded all of us to cycle to work instead of taking the bus.她说服了我们不做公共汽车而是骑车去工作。
26.As neither of them would give in, no decision was taken that day.由于双方都不让步，那天没有形成决议。
27.The task was difficult, but Helen's determined expression let me know that she would not give up.虽然工作很难，但海伦的坚定神情使我知道她不会放弃。
28.How I wish I could make a journey into space and see the stars up close. 我多么希望我能够进行太空旅行，近距离地看看星星啊。
29.The very first time that Joe saw the film "ET" directed by Steven Spieberg, he made up his mind to become a director too.第一次看Steven Spieberg 执导的电影"ET"时，他就下定决心也要当一名导演。
30.a large parcel of 一大包
31.We are taking out insurance to cover any problems.我们要投保给一切问题保险。
32.Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.我们的腿又冷又沉，感觉就像大冰块。
33.Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的孩子们停下来看我们。
34.However, the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.然而，湖水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。
35.as usual 像往常一样
36.At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. 在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，仿佛骑车穿越云层。
37.We saw many sheep eating green grass. 我们看到羊群在吃草。
38.make camp 宿营
39.put up our tent 搭帐篷
40.stay awake 睡不着，醒着
41.at midnight 在半夜
42.for company 做伴
43.lie beneath the stars 躺在星空下
44.We can hardly wait to see them.我们迫不及待地想要见到他们。
45.Good luck on your journey. 祝你旅途愉快
46.When you go on a journey, why not keep a travel journey? 当你出游的时候问什么不记旅行日记呢？
47.see the world through somebody else's eyes 通过别人的眼睛看世界
48.go in the right direction 走正确的方向
49.The tortoise moves at a very slow pace.乌龟以很慢的速度行进。If you pace yourself, you will be able to work efficiently. 如果你为自己定好了速度，你就会高效地工作。
50.be similar to 类似于
51.afford to do sth 付得起，能承担
52.be tired from因……而疲劳 be tired of 对……厌倦
53.be in high spirits 喜气洋洋，兴高采烈
54.come true 实现，成真
55.Ask them to give you some advice on improving it. 要他们就如何改进提一些建议。
56.a guide to… ……的指南
57.on a tour 在游览中，在巡演中
58.in detail 详细地
必修 I--Unit 3
二、练习
一）单词拼写
1. At the party the foreign teacher was r__________ to sing some songs.
2. He is a s__________ person. Once he has made up his mind, he will not change.
3. Though we have learned English for two years, we can't communicate with native speakers p__________.
4. The goods will be t_______ to Hong Kong by ship.
5. I advised him not to join them. F________ he accepted my advice.
6. Being a fan of Liu Dehua, she buys every music r_______ that is produced by him.
7. What's your a_______ to wearing jewelry to school.
8. At last we were persuaded to _____________ (骑自行车)around China.
9. Writing travel j_________ makes you think more and enjoy more.
10. I am so _________ (熟悉) with him that I recognized his voice the
moment I picked up the telephone.
二）选词填空, 注意形式。
record determine treat altitude change one's mind
be familiar to give in dream bring up so far
1. Once she is determined to do something, it is impossible to get her
to____________.
2. Nowadays, many young children would like to bargain with their
parents when asking for money. Unfortunately their parents seldom
___________.
3. They insisted they ________ equally.
4. Pop songs _____usually __________ teenagers.
5. He was born in Shandong Province and _______ there.
6. She gave me a ___________ look, which suggested that she would
never make any changes.
7. She often _______ that she would become a famous singer one day.
8. They have been to seven European countries ___________.
9. After it leaves the high _________, the river becomes wide and
runs into the sea.
10. He won another gold medal as he set a new ___________ in the
100m dash.
三）单项填空
1. --- What's that terrible noise?
--- The neighbours ____for a party.
A. have prepared B. prepare C. are preparing D. will
prepare
2. Last Friday when we were talking, I suddenly had ____ idea to go
on ____ hike in the valley. A. an, a B. the , a C. an, the D.
the, the
3. He insisted that we ____ there for the night.
A. stayed B. had stayed C. stay D. would stay
4. The road ____ be very crowded in the rush hour.
A. shall B. need C. must D. should
5. Once we _____, we should work hard until we succeed.
A. make up our mind B. make our mind C. make up our minds D.
make our minds
6. After the fighting, the enemy ____.
A. gave up B. gave out C. gave off D. gave in
7. The Great Wall winds its way ____high mountains, ___ deep
valleys and ___ great deserts. A. on, across, through B. over,
through, through C. over, through, across D. on, in, across
8. Because of the _____, we can't go high up to the mountains without
the oxygen tanks.
A. smelly gas B. cold weather C. high altitude D. frozen
water
9. Do what you think right; Never ______ what others say.
A. care for B. care of C. take care of D. care about
10. The twin looks _____ each other. It's difficult to tell ____.
A. similar to, which is which B. same as, who is who
C. similar to, who is who D. the same to, which is which
11. Tom, who eats ____ little food, is ____ strong ____ he can lift the
heavy box.
A. so, so…as B. such, so… as C. so, so … that D. such,
so … that
12. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland a few
years ago.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
13. When the children were told that they could go to the USA with
their father, they could _______ to tell their best friends.
A. not call B. never wait C. hardly call D. hardly wait
14. What he said just now got all of us _______.
A. disappoint B. to disappoint C. disappointed D. disappointing
15. —Kayla, we are taking a boat trip to Hawaii tomorrow. Would
you like to go with us?
—That sounds exciting. I'd like to, but I can not. _______.
A. Have a nice trip B.I envy you C. Very sorry D. Good bye
16. China is a great country. For one thing, she has a long history
with much knowledge; _______, she is developing rapidly in her own
way.
A. second B. the second C. for another D. for other thing
17. Was it in 2002 __________ he was still at middle school
__________ the boy became expert at computer?
A. that; where B. when; where C. that; when D. when; that
18. ---Are you still busy?
--- Yes, I_________ my work, and it won't take long.
A. just finish B. am just finishing
C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
四）句型转换
1. a. I insisted on his not giving up that job.
b. I insisted that he _______ ______ up that job.
2. a. Since middle school, we've had a dream that one day we will
take a great bike trip.
b. Since middle school, we've _______ _________ taking a great bike
trip one day.
3. a. They often help us with the housework.
b. It ______ they ______ often help us with the housework.
4. a. To our surprise, we learned that half of the Mekong River is in
China.
b. We ______ __________ to learn that half of the Mekong River is
in China.
5. a. The Italian football team played well enough to enter the final in
the last World Cup.
b. The Italian football team played ___ well ___ it entered the final
in the last World Cup.
必修 I---unit 3 练习参考答案
（一）
1. requested 2. stubborn 3. properly 4. transported 5.
finally
6. record 7. attitude 8. cycle 9. journals 10. familiar
（二）
1. change her mind 2. give in 3. be treated 4. are, familiar to 5.
brought up
6. determined 7. dreamed 8. so far 9. altitudes 10. record
（三）
1－5CBCCA 6－10DCCDA, 11－15CBDCA 16－18CDB
（四）
1. not give 2. dreamed of/ about 3.is…who/ that 4. were surprised
5. so…that.
必修 I---unit 4
I---IV Earthquakes
一、知识点
1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake. 现在，假设有一次大
地震。
"There be 主语 其它成分"结构中 there 为引导词，本身无意义，
谓语动词按照就近一致原则。其它相似句型还有：
There happen to be 碰巧有
There seems/appears to be 好像有
There is likely to be 可能有
There may/might be 也许有
There must be 一定有
There can't be 不可能有
There is said/reported to be 据说/据报道有
There used to be 曾经有
There is sure/certain to be 一定有
2.
happen to.
It (so) happened that…
Did you hear what happened to David last night? 你听说大卫昨天晚
上发生什么事了吗?
What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 如果
彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?
I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday. 昨天
我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.
昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
I happened to be out when he called. 他来访时，恰巧我出去了。(= It
happened that I was out when he called.)
I happened on just the thing I had been looking for. 我偶然发现了我
所要找的东西。
3. right away 毫不迟疑，立刻
He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away. 他病了, 你应该立
即请大夫来。
4. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. 裂缝里冒出臭气。
5. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous
to eat. 农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。
6. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these
events, were asleep as usual that night.但是，这个城市的一百万居民
都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
7. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示"(在某人)看来好像；似乎"
① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…
② Sb./Sth. looks as if/though…(不用 seem/appear)
③ There seems/appears(to be)…(不用 look)
There appears to have been a mistake. =It appears that there has
been a mistake.
④ It seems so. =So it seems.看来似乎是这样。
8. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的 15 秒
钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。
9. Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake. 三人之
二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
10. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more
than 400,000. 死伤的人数达到 40 多万。
10. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the
ruins.有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。
11. All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句为部分否定。
All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及 every 名词都表示全
部肯定；但当 not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none
nobody, nothing, not…any, 以及 no 名词都表示全部否定。如：
① Both of them haven't read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故
事。
② All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this
problem. 这些男孩都很聪明，但没有一个人能解出这道题。
③ All bamboo doesn't grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所
有的竹子都长的高。
12. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been
destroyed. 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
13. under the weight of
在……重压下，迫于
14. in the open air 在户外，在野外，露天
in the air 在空中，悬而未决
15. take turns to do sth 依次，轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地
It is your turn now.现在轮到你了。
No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn. 任何人都不准不按次
序买票。
16. be shocked at
对……感到震惊
17. be proud of
以……为自豪
18. Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on
July 28
19. express one's thanks to sb /for sth…
对/因……表示感谢
20. without warning 毫无预兆
21. next to 紧接着，相邻，次于
22. get away from…
避免，摆脱，离开
23. disarster-hit areas 灾区
24. raise money 募捐，筹款
25. Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only
when we understand what is said to us that we can have a
conversation with somebody. 听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有
当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
26. It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of
plates. 人们认为地球表面是一些板块。
27. hold up 举起；托住；支撑；使停滞;耽搁；提出；阻挡；列举，
推举；(理论等)经得住
Women can hold up half of the sky.妇女能顶半边天。
28. make up 弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆,补足,
拼凑
Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.农民只
占人口的一小部分.
The boy made up a story; it was not true. 男孩编了个故事，这故事不
是真的。
29. The judge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who
won the competition.裁判把奖金颁给赢得比赛的自行车选手，并向他
祝贺。
30. The miners who had been trapped in the mine for two days were
finally rescued.被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最后得到了营救。
31. The reporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was
trying to avoid the question.记者意识到女孩很害怕，而且尽力地回避
问题。
32. The big fire destroyed two shops which are about four blocks
from here. 大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。
33. I can't express how I am feeling at the moment. 我无法表达我现
在的感觉。
34. It is said but true that people die in earthquakes from falling
furniture and bricks. 据说但是真实的，在地震中人们死于倒落的家
具和砖块。
35. be fixed to…被固定到……
36. be tied to … 被绑在……
必修 I---unit 4
二、练习
一）单项选择
1. The rich_____ not always happy.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
2. About_______ of workers in that steel works are young people.
A. third-fifths B. three-fifths C. three-fives D. three-fifth
3. I've told him____________.
A. a hundred time B. hundred times C. hundred of times D.
hundreds of times
4. His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ________ family was
poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
5. ________from his looks, he is a kind man.
A. Judging B. Being Judged C. To judge D. Judge
6. Instead of ________sights, Edison would spend the time
________in the public library.
A. seeing, to read B. see, read C. to see, to read D. seeing ,
reading
7. I work in a business _______ almost everyone is waiting for a great
chance.
A. how B. which C. where D. that
8. Hearing the old man's report, the officer _______ from his seat and
said something must be done to ________ people's living standards.
A. raised; rise B. rose; raise C. raised; raise D. rose; rise
9. __________ have known the results of the exam.
A. It seemed to B. It seemed to him to C. He seemed that he D. He
seemed to
10. How is it ______ he has made such rapid progress?
A. that B. why C. when D. the one
11. There were two buildings, _______ stands nearly a hundred feet
high.
A. the large B. the larger of them
C. the larger on that D. the larger of which
12. I've never been to Paris, but it is a place__________.
A. where I'd like to visit B. in which I'd like to visit
C. that I want to visit it most D. I most want to visit
13. Japan lies _______ the east of China. It is a developed country.
A. in B. on C. to D. from
14. 0
A. that B. which C. the one D. /
二）单词拼写
1. As a result of the accident, the e＿＿＿＿＿ has to be cut off.
2. We were s＿＿＿＿＿ when we heard of the news that they would
get married soon.
3. They began the r＿＿＿ work at once, as soon as the earthquake
happened..
4. The mother is very upset. I noticed her hand ＿＿＿＿＿. (shake)
5. It is u＿＿＿ to argue with him, he is too stubborn.
6. There were dozens of people i＿＿＿＿in the fire, and they were
sent to hospital immediately.
7. The balloon r＿＿＿ up slowly into the air.
8. Your hands will be d＿＿＿ if you play in the d＿＿.
9. The dead were b ＿＿＿ in the ground after the terrible
earthquake.
10. Earthquake is the most terrible d＿＿＿＿ in the world.
11. We should h＿＿＿ the soldiers who died in the war.
12. This is a s＿＿＿ about how to improve our learning skill, and it
was made by
Wang Guoquan.
13. The students are p＿＿＿＿ for the mid-term exam.
14. How many j＿＿＿＿ have been invited to the competition?
15. The city was completely d＿＿＿＿ by the earthquake.
16. Do you know who o＿＿＿＿＿ the meeting?
三）汉译英
1. 我谨向那些帮助过我的老师致谢。
2. 大部分矿工被救了出来。
3. 这座小城的许多房子都被暴风雨给摧毁了。
4. 地震过后，全村到处都是残垣断壁。
（一）
Keys1-5 BBDDA 6-10 DCBDA 11-14 DDCC
（二）
1. electricity 2. shocked 3. rescue 4. shaking 5. useless 6. injured 7.
rose 8. dirty, dirt
9. buried 10.disaster 11. honour 12. speech 13. preparing 14. judges
15. destroyed
16. organized
（三）
1.
I would like to express my thanks to the teachers who have helped me.
2.
Most of the miners were rescued.
3.
Many houses in the small town were destroyed by the storm.
4.
After the earthquake the whole village lay in ruins.( The earthquake
left the whole village in ruins.)
必修 I---Unit 5
I---V Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
一、知识点
1. A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
伟人是把自己的生命奉献给帮助别人的人。（He started to study
ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他开始研究
生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。He devoted himself
entirely to music.他将一生奉献给了音乐。）
2. fight against 对抗，反对，与……作斗争
We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反对非正义
行为的斗争中, 我们都是同志.
People often have to fight for their liberty.人们往往不得不为自由而战。
He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.
他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。
3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese
soldiers. 作为一个医生他无私地在中国工作，并且拯救了很多中国战
士。
4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people's
rights; people's livelihood.
他主张三民主义：民主、民权、民生。
5. be free from 免于，不受
A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必须不抱成见。
6. in a peaceful way 以和平的方式
7. be in prison 入狱，在狱中服刑
in the prison 在监狱
8. the same…as…和……一样
9. the first man to land on the moon 第一个登上月球的人
10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。（定语从句）
11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨
地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。（He is generous with his money.他花
钱大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感谢你的帮助。Our grateful
thanks are due to you.我们衷心感谢你。）
12. have little education 受的教育少
13. I could not read or write well. 我既不会读也不会写。
14. I worried about whether I would become out of work. 我担心我是不
是会失业。
15. I became more hopeful about my future. 我对自己的未来充满了希
望。（I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow. 我对她明天要来抱着希
望。）
16. as soon as I could 尽快， 马上
17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping
our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we
have almost no rights at all. （定语从句） 过去 30 年来所出现的大量
法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几
乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 （The 19th century saw many changes. 许
多变革发生于 19 世纪。at an early stage in our history
在我们的历史早期）
18. …we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we
were less important, or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一个境
地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
19. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到这
个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。（Only 位于句首，修饰副词、
介词短语或状语从句时，句子采用部分倒装的语序；修饰状语从句时，
只有主句采用部分倒装的语序。
如：① Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
② Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三
次他才来参加会议。
③ Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重时，他
才卧床休息。
Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那时我才知道我的错误.）
20. as a matter of fact 事实上 （As a matter of fact，it is health that
counts. 事实上，健康才是最重要的。 As a matter of fact, parents don't
want their children to be in trouble. 事实上，父母都不希望子女有麻
烦。）
21. In 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.
在 1963 年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。（Can you lend me a pump
to blow up my bicycle tyres?
你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗?
Then it turned out that some stars, like our own sun will blow up one day.
然后，事实上有些恒星，就像我们自己的太阳，有朝一日会爆炸。）
22. …I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and
white people equal. ……我知道这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等
的梦想。
23. in trouble 处于困境 遇到麻烦
Do as you're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble.叫你怎麽做就怎麽做,
否则有麻烦.
24. be willing to do sth. 愿意，乐于 Only very few people would be
willing to share with him their opinions.很少有人愿意跟他分享他们的
见解。
25. What was his attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced?
他对黑人面临的不公平处境什么态度？
26. turn to 变成；求助于，借助于, 翻到，转向
She had no one to turn to for advice.
她没有一个可以商量的人。
Who can I turn to in my hour of need? 在我需要的时候我能向谁求助
呢？
As they were out of work, Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to their relatives
for help.布莱克夫妇由于失业，不得不向亲戚求帮助。
27. … the quality of life for black people got worse. …… 黑人的生活质
量更糟糕。
28….many people remember me as one of the first active black fighters
for human rights 很多人认为我是为人权而战的第一批积极的黑人战
士之一。
29. lose heart 灰心;泄气, 丧失勇气,失去信心
Difficulties were increasing. Even then we did not lose heart. 尽管困难
在增加，但我们毫不灰心。
You will succeed sooner or later while you don't lose heart.只要你不失去
信心，你迟早会成功。
If you fail, you should not lose heart but just keep on going. 如果你失败
了，你也不该灰心。
30. escape from 逃脱，逃离，从……逃出
He listens to music as an escape from the pressures of work.
他听音乐以缓解一下工作的压力.
He stayed in the background to escape from the public attention. 他呆在
幕后为了避开公众的注意。
The couple had a narrow escape from the fire.这对夫妻从火灾中死里逃
生。
31. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we
should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的
时候他教授我们。
should have done 本应做而未做
needn't have done 本不应做而做了
can't have done 过去不可能做过
32. He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他
说他们不应该被剥夺通过学习获得学位的权利。
33. …but they did pass their exams. 但是他们确实通过了考试。
34. That made me feel good about myself. 这让我觉得自己还不错。
35. be better educated 受到良好教育
36. I didn't work again for twenty years until the ANC came to power in
1994. 在非国大于 1994 年执政之前，我有 20 年没有工作。（After
Mandela came to power and became president, his government did their
best to change the unfair situation for black people. 曼德勒掌权成为总
统后，他的政府尽力为黑人改变不平等的状况。）
37. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me.
我回忆起那时的所有的恐怖和令人畏惧的情景。
After the attack , her eyes filled with terror every time when she saw a
dog. 自从遭遇袭击之后，她每次看见狗，眼睛里都满是恐惧。
38. be proud to do sth.
I'll be proud to be part of it
我会以成为其中一份子而自豪。
be proud of sth
You should be proud of what you have achieved.你们应当为自己所取得
的成绩而自豪。
39. set up 创立，建立，为…作准备；竖立，架起，建造；开业，开始
经商
The company was set up ten years ago.
公司是十年前建立的。
He plans to set up his own business.
他决定自己做生意。
He begged me to let him join the club we have just set up. 他恳求我让
他加入我们刚建立的俱乐部。
40. be sentenced to … 被判处……
He suggested that the murderer referred to be sentenced to death at once.
他建议所涉及到的杀人凶手立刻被判处死刑。
Robert was sentenced to three years in prison for stealing and released a
month ago. 罗伯特因偷窃被判处三年监禁，于一个月前被释放。
41. Do you have any thoughts on that? 你认为那怎么样？
42. to my understanding
按我的理解
43. He was in poor health in his youth so he had to be educated at home.
他年轻时身体不好，所有只得在家接受教育。
44. be accepted by … 被……录取、接受
45. give free medical care to people there
给那儿的人免费医疗
As far as I know, in some developed countries people enjoy free medical
care.就我所知，在一些发达国家人们享有免费医疗。
46. He died from blood poisoning.
他死于败血症。
47. At that time the war between China and Japan was under way.那时中
日战争正在进行之中。
48. Mao Zedong praised Bethune's excellent qualities in this article. 毛
泽东在这篇文章了赞扬了白求恩的优良品质。
49. point of view 观察点；观点
It depends on your point of view.这将因个人观点而异。
50. compete with… 与……竞争
If you want to compete with someone, compete with yourself. 如果你想
同别人竞争，先同自己竞争。
51. advise v.
常用搭配
advise n./pron.
advise doing
advise sb. to do sth.
advise that 从句（从句的谓语用"should v 原"， should 常省略）
注：1）与 advise 用法类似的动词如 forbid, ,allow,permit,admit,consider
等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补（主补）时，宾补（主
补）要用不定式。
如：We forbid smoking here.（宾语，用动名词） We forbid you to smoke
here.（宾补，用动词不定式） You are forbidden to smoke here.（主补，
用动词不定式）
2）区别：advise（劝说）/persuade（劝服）
EX: 1)我劝过他，但未能劝服他。_______________________________
2) We trust you: only you can _____________ him to give up smoking.
A. suggest B. attract C. advise D. persuade
Keys: 1)I advised him but I couldn't persuade him. 2) D
二、练习
一)单词拼写
1. Q_______ is more important than quantity.
2. After 4 years' university study, he ______ his study for a bachelor's
degree.
3. She is not only beautiful, but also well e________.
4. She did a very good job and got a r_______ from the company.
5. I hated being treated with v________.
6. The c_______ of life put an end to his life.
7. In our country people of or over 18 have the right to v________.
8. The event has put him into an embarrassing p___________.
9. Boys are usually not a_________ in English class.
10. He broke the law and was put in p________.
二)短语翻译(每空一词)。
1．刚开学的那天，我们的老师就给我们提了一些学习英语的建议。
On the very first day of school, our teacher __________ us
___________ English learning.
2． 大多数下岗的人员都是文化不高的人。
Most of the people who ___ ____ ___ _____ usually have little
education.
3． 别灰心， 你会成功的。
Don't _____ _____. You will succeed.
4. 相信自己，别相信他的鬼话。
______ ______ yourself. Don't ___________ him.
5. 大学尚未毕业，他就创办了自己的公司。
He _____ ______ his own company before graduating from college.
6. 他从不为考试担心。
He ______never ______ ______ _______ examination.
7. 只有通过努力拼搏， 才能实现自己的梦想。
Only by working hard _____ you _________ your dream.
8. 我们决不能嘲笑那些陷入困境的人，相反，我们应该帮助他们。
We should never laugh at those ______ ________. On the contrary, we
should try our best to help them.
9. 他上台后就推出了一系列的改革方案。
After ______ ______ _________, he carried out a series of reform.
10. 他乐于助人。
He ______ ______ _____ ______ others.
三）单项选择
1. _____ out for the game. Some girls stay in the classroom, talking.
A. Not all the students go
B. All the students not go
C. Both the students don't go D. All the students go
2. You can't pass the coming examination if you ______.
A. lose your heart B. lose heart
C. lose hearts
D. lose your hearts
3. You can't _____ until tomorrow morning after the blood examination.
A. not only eat but also drink B. either eat or drink
C. neither eat nor drink
D. both eat and drink
4. If my brother is allowed to go out, ______.
A. so I should B. so am I C. so should I D. so I am
5. He ______ prison two years ago and now he _______.
A. was put in; was set free
B. was shut into, is set free
C. put into, has been set freely D. was put into; has been set free
6. Only at that time ______ that he had made a lot of mistakes in his
homework.
A. he realized
B. did he realize
C. he did realized
D. realized he
7. This is the plane _______ he went to Shanghai ______ business.
A. where, for a B. by which, on the
C. on which, on D. where, on
8. —I can 't see the words on the blackboard clearly.
—Why, your eyes need _____ .Perhaps you need _______ glasses.
A. to examined, to wear B. to examine ,to wear
C. to be examined, to wear D. examining, wearing
9.
Instead, he seemed to see Tom 's face, with the wide smile he ______
whenever he told a joke.
A. wore B. brought
C. appeared D. carried
10. This is ______ that dog.
A. as a big dog as B. as big a dog as
C. a as big dog as D. a big as dog as
11. A new school was ______ in the village last year.
A. held up B. set up C. sent up D. brought up
12. The number of the students in our school _____ large.
A. are B. is
C. am D. be
13. The road to the mountains _____ by the snow for almost a month.
A. has been cut off
B. have been cut off
C. has been cut down
D. have been cut down
14. According to the time table , the train for Beijing______ at seven
o'clock in the evening .
A. leaves B. has left
C. was left D. will leave
15. We were all waiting for you. You _____for the seaside by yourself
without leaving a message.
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. could not have left
D. needn't leave
必修 I---unit 5 练习参考答案
（一）
1. Quality 2. continued 3. educated 4. reward 5. violence 6.
cruelty
7. vote 8. position 9. active 10. prison
（二）
1. advised; on 2. are out of work 3. lose heart 4. Believe in; believe
5. set up 6. has; been worried about 7. can; realize 8. in trouble
9. coming to power 10. is willing to help
（三）
ABBBD
BCCAB
BBAAB
必修 I---------1 Friendship
一、知识点
1. be good to 对……友好
be good for 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…
I will be good to other people.我会善良的对待其他人.
It would be good for you to spend a holiday in the sun. 在有阳光的地方度假会给你带来很多好处。
The Olympics will be good for business. 奥运会的召开将有利于商业的发展。
be good at 擅长 make good 有成就；成功 as good as 实际上；几乎 ;等于
a good deal 许多，大量 彻底的；完全的；痛快的 to have a good drink喝个痛快
2. add up 加起来
add up to 合计，总计
add… to 把……加到…… add to 增加
Add up your score and see how many points you get? 把你的分数加起来，看看得多少？
Some people can add up quite easily in their heads, but not all.
Good friends do not add up what they do for each other; instead they offer help when it is needed.
The figures add up to 270. 这些数字加起来是 270。
You shouldn't add fuel to the flame 你不应该火上加油
Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night. 焰火使节日的夜晚更加生色。
The bad weather added to the shipwrecked sailors' difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了失事船只的船员们的困难。
Your friend can not go until he finishes cleaning his bike.
not…until/till 意思是"直到…才"，表示主句谓语所表示的动作,直到until 状语所表示的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。
They did not come back until eleven. 他们会在十一点后回来。
I did not notice it until yesterday.我一直到昨天才注重到它。
4. You had to pay to get it repaired
get sth done 使……完成/让某人做某事
5. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!
calm …down 使平息, 使平静
calm down 平息/平静下来
The crying child soon calmed down.哭闹的小孩不多一会就安静下来。
It was a long time before he managed to calm himself down. 过了很久他才努力使自己冷静下来。
We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
6. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him. be concerned about 关心，挂念
He was very concerned about his children's education. 他很关心他儿子的教育。
Please don't be concerned about me.请别为我操心。
Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？
7. Your friend has gone on holiday and asked you to take care of his dog.
go on holiday 度假
be on holiday 正在休假
What fun it will be when we all go on holiday together.我们大家一起去度假那可太有意思了.
take care of 爱护，照料
take care 注意，当心
You are not (physically) strong, so you may as well take care of your health. 你的体格不壮，因此最好注意健康。
8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose. 在遛狗的时候，你一粗心松开了手中的狗链。
当 while, when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和 be 动词省去。
walk sb home/ to a place: 为保证安全而陪某人去某地 It's late ----let me walk you home.
9. take one's end-of-term exam 参加期末考试
10. Your friend, who doesn't work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）
cheat in the exam 考试作弊
11. look at someone else's paper 看别人的试卷
12. make a list of reasons 列举一些原因
13. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗？
14. go through 遭遇；经历；熬过；用光(钱)；获准，通过
It can go through the test of the time. 它能经受时间的考验.
She knew that she had got to go through all the difficulties with her family.
He would go through fire and water for his country. 他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
15. hide away 躲藏；隐藏
16. I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,…我不愿像大多数人一样在日记中记流水账，……
Why don't you set your ideas down on paper?
We have had a series of stormy days when we were on the island.
The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report. 警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
16. I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
17. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的
歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。
18. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上，我熬到 11 点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
19. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn't dare open a window.但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。
She speaks French far better than I, so I don't dare talk with her in French.
20. I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 黄昏时我碰巧在楼上，那时窗户是开着的。
sth happen to sb 某人发生某事
What happened to him?
sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事 正巧 it so happened that 。。。
It happened that he was seen by his father. = He happened to be seen by his father.他碰巧被他父亲看见了。
As I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
The street lights go on at dusk. 街上的路段在傍晚时分亮起来。
21. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
It is the first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用现在完成时)
It was the first (second…etc) that… (从句谓语动词用过去完成时)
the first time 可作从属连词用，引导时间状语从句。The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.
It was the first time that I talked with a foreigner face to face.
I think we need a face-to-face talk so as to clear the misunderstanding.
I have often heard of her. Actually, I've never met her face to face.
22. in one's power 处于……的控制之中
I have got him in my power. I can ask him to do anything I want. 我控制了他，我可以让他为我做任何事。
23. It's no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
It's no good/ use doing sth. 做某事时没用的。
24. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.
25. suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受
Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam. 世界上大多数大城市都交通堵塞为患。
26. It was such fun to watch it run loose in the park.
27. I've got tired of looking nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.
28. I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly.
29. Mum asked her if she was very hot with so many clothes on.
with 名词/代词(宾格) 分词/形容词/介词短语/不定式/副词在句中常作伴随状语。动词形式的选择取决于宾语同动词之间的逻辑关系。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
30. have some trouble with sb or sth. 在……上遇到了麻烦
I have some trouble with my studies.
31. get along … with sb/sth. 与某人相处怎样/某事进展如何？
If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice. 如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
32. This has made me angry.…he made her diary her best friend…
make 后接复合宾语，宾语补足语须用不带 to 的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词等。常见的有以下几种形式:
make sb. do sth.让(使)某人做某事。He was made to repeat it.(注意在被动句中，不定式前要加 to)
make sb. /sth. adj.使某人/物…We should do our best to make our
country stronger and more beautiful.
make sb./ oneself v-ed 让某人 /自己被…When you speak, you should make yourself understood.
(4) make sb. n. 使某人成为…
make it n. /adj. (for sb.) to do sth. We made him leader of our team.
(注意表示职位的名词前不加冠词)
He made it easy for us to understand the text.
33. I'm not good at communicating with people.
34. Although I tried to talk to my classmates, I still found it hard to make friends with them.
35. I do want to change this situation, but I don't know how.
36. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
37. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. 如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。 （I would be grateful if… 委婉客气提出请求）
38. join in discussions and show interest in other people's ideas
39. It's a good habit for you to keep a diary. 记日记对你来说是个好习惯。
40. Why not have a try?
41.True friends are like wine; the older, the better.
42. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea.
43. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
二、练习
一）把句子补充完整
1. 你把所有的数加起来就会知道
You will know the __________ when you _______ ________ all the numbers.
2. 我们努力想让他平静下来，但他还是激动地大叫。
We tried to _________ him _________ but he kept __________ excitedly.
3. 玛丽在医院里住了很长一段时间后，恢复了健康。
After a long stay________ _________ Mary ________
4. 李鸣在这里定居后，和邻居们相处得很好。
Since Li Ming _________ here, he has ________ _______ _____ ________ his neighbours.
5. 如果你不想和我在一起，你就收拾东西走人。
If you don't want to stay with me, you can _______ _______ and go.
6. 战争期间，我受了很多苦。我用日记记下自己的经历，以便老了以后能够记住。
During the war, I ________ a lot. I wrote my diary to ________ ________ my ___________, so I would __________ them when I was old.
二）填入所缺的词。
1.It was quite terrible. It took me some time to c______ down myself.
2.Parents are always c_______ much about their children.
3.True friends always s______ their sadness and happiness with each other.
4.I'm terribly sorry. I didn't do it on p__________.
5. Some animals hibernate under snow, because there is much air in l______ snow.
6. A_______ to the law, t_______ are not allowed to smoke or drink.
7. The old man went t_______ many wars and s_____ a lot from them.
8. After the terrible hurricane, the whole house was destroyed e________.
9. If you have some trouble, you can go to the teacher for a_________.
10. By internet, we can c_________ with people all over the world c_________.
11. By now, he has formed the h______ of doing some reading before going to bed.
12. The r_____ he gave for his c_____ in the exam was simple.
三）选择填空
1、--- Mary's got crazy and has been sent to the mental hospital. Did you tell her boss about that?
--- Yes, but I _____ her husband first.
A. should have told B. shouldn't have told
C. must have told D. needn't have told
2、There was ______ time _____ Chinese used foreign oil.
A. a; when B. a; while C. /; when D. /; while
3．It was because of bad weather __________ the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
4.---Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it ________ purpose.
---That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _________ accident.
A. on; by B. by; by C. on; on D. by; on
5. What great trouble we had ___________ where his house was.
A. in finding B. to find C. find D. found
6. Some students have trouble _____ grammar while others have
difficulty______ new words.
A. in; remember B. for; to remember
C. on; remembering D. with; remembering
7． I cannot spend ________ money on the car which is _______expensive for me.
A. too much; much too B. far too; too much
C. much too; too much D. too many; much too
8．________ catch the first bus, he got up very early this morning.
A. In order to B. In order that
C. So as to D. So that
9. There are altogether 6 people in the room, the baby________.
A. include B. including C. included D. to include
10. The manager of the factory told us that very little ______ was made of the waste material in the past.
A. cost B. value C. use D. matter
11. There is no _____ swimming-pool in this school and the students often go to swim _____.
A. indoors; outdoors B. indoor; outdoor
C. indoor; outdoors D. indoor; indoors
12. It is the first time that I _______ this kind of moon cake.
A. enjoyed B. have enjoyed C. enjoy D. enjoying
13. When was it _____ your mother showed you around the West
Lake ？
A. until B. if C. which D. that
14． In the reading room , we found her _____ at a desk, with her
attention ____ on a book.
A. sitting; fixing B. to sit; fixed
C. seating; fixing D. seated; fixed
15．I'm glad you've come; I am _______ telephoning you.
A. at the point of B. to the point of
C. on the point of D. in the point of
必修 I--unit 1 练习参考答案
Answers
（一）
1. result, add, up 2.. calm, down, shouting 3. in, hospital, recovered. 4. settled, got , along, well, with
5. pack, up 6. suffered, set, down, experiences, remember
（二）
1. calm 2. concerned 3. share 4. purpose 5. loose 6.according, teenagers 7. through, suffered 8. entirely 9. advice 10. communicate 11.habit 12. reason, cheat
（三）
1-5 AADAA 6-10 DAACC 11-15 CBDDC
必修 I--unit 2 English around the world
一、知识点
1. go to the pictures 去看电影（美）；go to the movies 去看电影（英）
2. …list the countries that use English as an official language 列举把英语用作官方语言的国家
3. the road to …通向……之路
4. at the end of 在……末端，在……尽头，by the end 最后（=finally）
5. because of 因为…… （注意和 because 的区别）
Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重，许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。
An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.争论是不可避免的，因为他们彼此非常厌恶。
6. native English speakers 以英语作为母语的人
7. even if (= even thoug)即使，用来引导一个让步状语从句，后面既可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气，但是 even if/even though,引导的从句中不用将来时。如：Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we will leavefor Beijing.
8. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出
9. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。
10. be different from… 与……不同
be different in … 在……不同
Most of my projects will be wildly different in performance from one night to the next.我多数作品每天晚上的演奏风格都各不相同。
As we know, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知，英国英语和美国英语有点不同。
11. be based on 以……为基础
The relationship between our two countries is based upon mutual respect. 两个国家的关系以相互尊重
为基础。
This book is based on a true story that happened in the 1930s. 这本书以发生在 20 世纪三十年代的真实故事为基础。
The reporterasked the writer who he based his character on. 记者问作家他作品的人物是以谁为原型的。
12. at present 目前，眼下 be present at 在席；出席 present sth to sb/ present sb with sth 把……推荐，呈现……for the present 眼前；暂时 present oneself 出席；到场
13. make (great/ good/better/full)use of
We have a lot of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我们有很多工作要做，所以要好好利用时间。
14. The latter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking.后者体现了美国英语的不同特色。
15. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. 比如说， 印度拥有众多讲英语流利的人，这是应为英国于 1765 到 1947 年统治过印度。(A small number of friends came to help him when he was in trouble)
16. such as 例如
for example In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy,girl, and book. 这一段里面有很多名词，例如男孩、女孩和书本。
Many great men have risen from poverty---Lincoln, for example. 许多伟人从贫困中崛起，例如林肯。You can take your research work for example. 你可以拿你的研究工作做个例子。
17. Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. 目前在中学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
18. the largest number of 大多数的
China has the largest number of people.中国有着世界上最多的人。
19. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native speaker. 中国人说英语很难像以英语为母语的人说英语那么流利。
20. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. 一个原因是英语有很大的词汇量。
21. different English speaking countries 不同的说英语的国家
22. sing sb a song = sing a song for sb
23. turn off turn on turn up turn down
24. hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等—会 hold on tovt. 拉住(抓牢)
25. believe it or not 信不信由你
26. those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语
27. … you will hear the difference in the way（that/ in which） people speak. 你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
28. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一个角色；参与
play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用
Deng Xiaoping played an important part in developing the economy in China.邓小平在中国经济的发展过程中起着重要作用。
29. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方
30. the same …as… 与……一样
31. … they still recognize and understand each other's dialects. ……他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
32. No problem.没问题
33. a nice fall day = a lovely autumn day
34. at the top of…在…顶上，在最高位，
at the bottom of 在……底部
35. keep fit 保持健康
You need exercise and keep fit.你需要运动和保持体形。
36. build up 逐渐积聚，集结；逐步建立；增进，增强
bring up 教养，养育；提出
37. When you learn English, try to have fun with the language. 当学英语的时候，努力找出语言的乐趣。
38. Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum. 博物馆要求参观的旅客不得在馆内拍照。
39. by candle light 借助于烛光
40. be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
Never be satisfied with just a little success. 不要有一点成绩就满足。
41. She suggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions, watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9,and trying to listen to native speakers.她建议用 CD 来听英语歌曲和学习英语短语，看新闻和中央电视台 9 套访谈，努力听以英语为母语的人说话。
It is suggested that ...有人提议... I suggest that ...我觉得[认为]
I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
42. at sea 在海上 当海员 迷惑, 茫然 by sea 乘船，经海路
by the sea在海边, 在海岸边 in the sea 在海里
on the sea 在海上
beyond/over the sea 在海外
She tried to understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.她费尽力气想看懂那些说明文字，却全然不知所云。
43. according to … 按照…… He lives according to her means 他按他的方式生活
二、练习
一）单项选择
1 Mr. Huang will ________ in the movement.
A. play a leading part B. take parts C. play leading part D. take a part
2. We discussed where to go for a whole morning, but we decided to stay at home_____.
A. at the end B. by the end C. in the end D. on end
3. _____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450.
A. A number B. A lot C. Lots D. The number
4. Sometimes ________ English is quite different from _______English in many ways.
A. speaking, writing B. spoken, written
C. speaking, written D. spoken, writing
5. Can you tell me if you have found the key ________ your car.
A. for B. to C. about D. by
6. When we visited Zhou Zhuang again ten years later, we found it changed so much that we could hardly ________ it.
A. remember B. think about C. believe D.recognize
7. It is so nice to hear from her, _______, we last met more than 30 years ago.
A. what's more B. that's to say C. in other words D. believe it or not
8. They lived a hard life and were often made _______ for over ten hours a day.
A. work B. to work C. to working D.worked
9. Do you have any difficulty ________?
A. on listening B. to listening C. for listening D.with listening
10. Please tell me the way you thought of _______ the garden.
A. take care of B. to take care of C. taking care of D. to take care
11. Can you explain how it _______ that you missed the morning classes?
A. came across B. came to C. came up D. came about
12. China Daily is ____ a newspaper, for it can also serve as a useful textbook for English study.
A. more than B. more or less C. less than D.more and more
13. The leader of the factory told us that very little _______ was made of the waste material in the past.
A. cost B. value C. use D. matter
14. The reason _____ being late for the meeting was ____ his little son fell ill this morning.
A. for, that B. why, that C. for, because D. why, because
15. You made the same mistake for _____ second time, dropping ____ "n" in the word "government".
A. a, the B.a , a C. the, an D. a, an
16. The president, together with his bodyguards, _____ to the nuclear station _____ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.
A. have come, which B. came, in which
C. has come, where D. came, in where
17."Not all of the dinosaurs were dangerous". This sentence means ____ .
A. none of the dinosaurs were dangerous.
B. all of the dinosaurs were not dangerous.
C. few of the dinosaurs were dangerous.
D. no dinosaurs were dangerous
18. －He asked Tom, "Have you finished your homework？"
－He asked Tom ______ .
A. if had he finished his homework.
B. whether he had finished his homework.
C. if he had finished homework.
D. if you had finished your homework.
19. He realized she was crying ________ what he had sad.
A. because B. because of C. as D. since
20. ------You haven't done it well.------ But I tried my best and did it ______ the way _______ I think is the best.
二）根据首字母提示完成句子。
1．Mr. Wu doesn't like the W ______-way of life, so he came back to our hometown last year.
2．She has a very large v____________ and she can read English novels now.
3．His n___________ language is not Chinese but he can speak it fluently.
4．Everyone went to see the film, me i_______________.
5．What the British call "petrol" the Americans call "g____________".
6．The UN is an i__________ organization that tries to solve problems between countries
7．In this part of the city, you can see ancient and m_______ buildings next to each other.
8．It is the duty of a g_______________ to provide education for the children of its countries.
9． I love working abroad and meeting people from different c__________.
10．We are concerned about the p__________ situation in the Middle East.
11．A_________, I've known Barbara for years since we were babies.
12．Jet Li has played lots of leading r_______ in Kong Fu films.
13．Though I hadn't seen Lily for ten years, I r_______ her voice immediately I picked up the phone.
14． Judging from his a_______, he must be from North East of China next to each other.
必修 I--Unit 2 练习参考答案
Keys
一）
1-5 ACDBB 6-10 DDBDB 11-15 DACAD 16-20 CBBBA
二）
1. Western 2. vocabulary 3. native 4. included 5.gas 6.international 7. modern 8. government 9. cultures 10.present 11.Actually 12. roles 13. recognized 14.accent
必修 I--unit 3
I---III Travel journal
一、知识点
1.advantages and disadvantages 优劣
2.How do they make use of it in their daily life? 在日常生活中他们是如何利用它的
3.flow through 流过，流经
4.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。 连词 since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词 since 与表示过去某一点时间的词语连用，副词 since后不用从句或词语。
It is/has been 一段时间 since 一般过去时(从句中的动作不能延续)自从……至今已经多久了。
since then 自从那时至今 ever since 从那以后一直
5.persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。
6.grow up in western Yunnan 在云南西部长大
7.After graduating fro college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.大学毕业以后，我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。
8.It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐。
强调句型 It is/was…that/who 的用法归纳如下：
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词 that 或 who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词 that。 强调句型应避免使用 when, where, which 等连词。
含一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句句型:
① 含一般疑问句的强调句型，其结构为： Is it 被强调部分 that/who 句子的其余部分？
② 特殊疑问句的强调句型结构形式为：特殊疑问词 is/was it that/who 句子的其余部分？
9.schedual for the trip 旅行计划
10.be fond of 喜欢，喜爱
Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.尽管她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她坚持要自己把这次旅行安排得尽善尽美。 （注意 1：Although conj. "尽管，虽然"，引导让步状语从句。拓展：① although 从句多在句首， though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且 though 可以作副词用于句末，作"但是，不过"讲，although 无此用法。② although 用来陈述事实而不用于假设，所以 as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，尽管)中不能用 although。③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同 as),而 although 不可以。注意2：insist 在这里的意思是"坚持要求"后面的 that 从句用虚拟语气；如果 insist 意为"强调，坚持认为"的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didn't tell a lie.她强调她没撒谎。另外，还可以用 insist on doing sth/ sth. 一定要、坚持主张，如：She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly 她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大。）
11.care about details 考虑细节 （The only thing he cares about is money.他唯一在乎的就是金钱。
care for 喜欢，照料，照顾 I don't really care for red wine. 我其实并不喜欢红葡萄酒。
Who will care for your child if you are out? 如果你外出了，谁来照顾你的孩子？
12.give me a determined look 给了我一个坚定的眼神
13.change one's mind 改变主意
14.…she seemed to be excited about it. 似乎显得兴奋
15.an interesting experience 一次有趣的经历
16.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。最后，我只好让步了。Once 可作为从属连词，作"一(旦)……就……"解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时，现在完成时表将来。
如：Once you have begin you must continue. Once printed，the book will be very popular。
17.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. 它穿过深谷时就变成了急流，流经云南西部。
18.It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows. 河水蜿蜒缓慢地穿过低谷，流向生长稻谷的平原。
19.He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything. 他太固执，没有一人能劝动他做事。
20.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. 不论工作多难，一个坚决的人总是努力地去完成它。
21.My grandpa is fond of fishing and sometimes he fishes all day in the river. 我爷爷喜欢钓鱼，有时他整天在河边钓鱼。
22.I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.我喜欢那件红色的衣服不喜欢那件绿色的，因为红色的更合我的身。
23.The concert went like clockwork because Li Pei organized it so well.音乐会顺利地进行，因为李佩组织地相当好。
24.I wanted to pay the train fare, but my friend insisted. Finally I gave in.我想付火车票费用，但我朋友坚持他付。最后我让步了。
25.She persuaded all of us to cycle to work instead of taking the bus.她说服了我们不做公共汽车而是骑车去工作。
26.As neither of them would give in, no decision was taken that day.由于双方都不让步，那天没有形成决议。
27.The task was difficult, but Helen's determined expression let me know that she would not give up.虽然工作很难，但海伦的坚定神情使我知道她不会放弃。
28.How I wish I could make a journey into space and see the stars up close. 我多么希望我能够进行太空旅行，近距离地看看星星啊。
29.The very first time that Joe saw the film "ET" directed by Steven Spieberg, he made up his mind to become a director too.第一次看Steven Spieberg 执导的电影"ET"时，他就下定决心也要当一名导演。
30.a large parcel of 一大包
31.We are taking out insurance to cover any problems.我们要投保给一切问题保险。
32.Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.我们的腿又冷又沉，感觉就像大冰块。
33.Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.一路上，一些身着羊毛大衣的孩子们停下来看我们。
34.However, the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.然而，湖水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜，景色迷人。
35.as usual 像往常一样
36.At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. 在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，仿佛骑车穿越云层。
37.We saw many sheep eating green grass. 我们看到羊群在吃草。
38.make camp 宿营
39.put up our tent 搭帐篷
40.stay awake 睡不着，醒着
41.at midnight 在半夜
42.for company 做伴
43.lie beneath the stars 躺在星空下
44.We can hardly wait to see them.我们迫不及待地想要见到他们。
45.Good luck on your journey. 祝你旅途愉快
46.When you go on a journey, why not keep a travel journey? 当你出游的时候问什么不记旅行日记呢？
47.see the world through somebody else's eyes 通过别人的眼睛看世界
48.go in the right direction 走正确的方向
49.The tortoise moves at a very slow pace.乌龟以很慢的速度行进。If you pace yourself, you will be able to work efficiently. 如果你为自己定好了速度，你就会高效地工作。
50.be similar to 类似于
51.afford to do sth 付得起，能承担
52.be tired from因……而疲劳 be tired of 对……厌倦
53.be in high spirits 喜气洋洋，兴高采烈
54.come true 实现，成真
55.Ask them to give you some advice on improving it. 要他们就如何改进提一些建议。
56.a guide to… ……的指南
57.on a tour 在游览中，在巡演中
58.in detail 详细地
必修 I--Unit 3
二、练习
一）单词拼写
1. At the party the foreign teacher was r__________ to sing some songs.
2. He is a s__________ person. Once he has made up his mind, he will not change.
3. Though we have learned English for two years, we can't communicate with native speakers p__________.
4. The goods will be t_______ to Hong Kong by ship.
5. I advised him not to join them. F________ he accepted my advice.
6. Being a fan of Liu Dehua, she buys every music r_______ that is produced by him.
7. What's your a_______ to wearing jewelry to school.
8. At last we were persuaded to _____________ (骑自行车)around China.
9. Writing travel j_________ makes you think more and enjoy more.
10. I am so _________ (熟悉) with him that I recognized his voice the
moment I picked up the telephone.
二）选词填空, 注意形式。
record determine treat altitude change one's mind
be familiar to give in dream bring up so far
1. Once she is determined to do something, it is impossible to get her
to____________.
2. Nowadays, many young children would like to bargain with their
parents when asking for money. Unfortunately their parents seldom
___________.
3. They insisted they ________ equally.
4. Pop songs _____usually __________ teenagers.
5. He was born in Shandong Province and _______ there.
6. She gave me a ___________ look, which suggested that she would
never make any changes.
7. She often _______ that she would become a famous singer one day.
8. They have been to seven European countries ___________.
9. After it leaves the high _________, the river becomes wide and
runs into the sea.
10. He won another gold medal as he set a new ___________ in the
100m dash.
三）单项填空
1. --- What's that terrible noise?
--- The neighbours ____for a party.
A. have prepared B. prepare C. are preparing D. will
prepare
2. Last Friday when we were talking, I suddenly had ____ idea to go
on ____ hike in the valley. A. an, a B. the , a C. an, the D.
the, the
3. He insisted that we ____ there for the night.
A. stayed B. had stayed C. stay D. would stay
4. The road ____ be very crowded in the rush hour.
A. shall B. need C. must D. should
5. Once we _____, we should work hard until we succeed.
A. make up our mind B. make our mind C. make up our minds D.
make our minds
6. After the fighting, the enemy ____.
A. gave up B. gave out C. gave off D. gave in
7. The Great Wall winds its way ____high mountains, ___ deep
valleys and ___ great deserts. A. on, across, through B. over,
through, through C. over, through, across D. on, in, across
8. Because of the _____, we can't go high up to the mountains without
the oxygen tanks.
A. smelly gas B. cold weather C. high altitude D. frozen
water
9. Do what you think right; Never ______ what others say.
A. care for B. care of C. take care of D. care about
10. The twin looks _____ each other. It's difficult to tell ____.
A. similar to, which is which B. same as, who is who
C. similar to, who is who D. the same to, which is which
11. Tom, who eats ____ little food, is ____ strong ____ he can lift the
heavy box.
A. so, so…as B. such, so… as C. so, so … that D. such,
so … that
12. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland a few
years ago.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
13. When the children were told that they could go to the USA with
their father, they could _______ to tell their best friends.
A. not call B. never wait C. hardly call D. hardly wait
14. What he said just now got all of us _______.
A. disappoint B. to disappoint C. disappointed D. disappointing
15. —Kayla, we are taking a boat trip to Hawaii tomorrow. Would
you like to go with us?
—That sounds exciting. I'd like to, but I can not. _______.
A. Have a nice trip B.I envy you C. Very sorry D. Good bye
16. China is a great country. For one thing, she has a long history
with much knowledge; _______, she is developing rapidly in her own
way.
A. second B. the second C. for another D. for other thing
17. Was it in 2002 __________ he was still at middle school
__________ the boy became expert at computer?
A. that; where B. when; where C. that; when D. when; that
18. ---Are you still busy?
--- Yes, I_________ my work, and it won't take long.
A. just finish B. am just finishing
C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
四）句型转换
1. a. I insisted on his not giving up that job.
b. I insisted that he _______ ______ up that job.
2. a. Since middle school, we've had a dream that one day we will
take a great bike trip.
b. Since middle school, we've _______ _________ taking a great bike
trip one day.
3. a. They often help us with the housework.
b. It ______ they ______ often help us with the housework.
4. a. To our surprise, we learned that half of the Mekong River is in
China.
b. We ______ __________ to learn that half of the Mekong River is
in China.
5. a. The Italian football team played well enough to enter the final in
the last World Cup.
b. The Italian football team played ___ well ___ it entered the final
in the last World Cup.
必修 I---unit 3 练习参考答案
（一）
1. requested 2. stubborn 3. properly 4. transported 5.
finally
6. record 7. attitude 8. cycle 9. journals 10. familiar
（二）
1. change her mind 2. give in 3. be treated 4. are, familiar to 5.
brought up
6. determined 7. dreamed 8. so far 9. altitudes 10. record
（三）
1－5CBCCA 6－10DCCDA, 11－15CBDCA 16－18CDB
（四）
1. not give 2. dreamed of/ about 3.is…who/ that 4. were surprised
5. so…that.
必修 I---unit 4
I---IV Earthquakes
一、知识点
1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake. 现在，假设有一次大
地震。
"There be 主语 其它成分"结构中 there 为引导词，本身无意义，
谓语动词按照就近一致原则。其它相似句型还有：
There happen to be 碰巧有
There seems/appears to be 好像有
There is likely to be 可能有
There may/might be 也许有
There must be 一定有
There can't be 不可能有
There is said/reported to be 据说/据报道有
There used to be 曾经有
There is sure/certain to be 一定有
2.
happen to.
It (so) happened that…
Did you hear what happened to David last night? 你听说大卫昨天晚
上发生什么事了吗?
What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up? 如果
彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?
I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday. 昨天
我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.
昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。
I happened to be out when he called. 他来访时，恰巧我出去了。(= It
happened that I was out when he called.)
I happened on just the thing I had been looking for. 我偶然发现了我
所要找的东西。
3. right away 毫不迟疑，立刻
He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away. 他病了, 你应该立
即请大夫来。
4. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. 裂缝里冒出臭气。
5. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous
to eat. 农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。
6. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these
events, were asleep as usual that night.但是，这个城市的一百万居民
都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
7. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。
从句表示"(在某人)看来好像；似乎"
① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起来好像…
② Sb./Sth. looks as if/though…(不用 seem/appear)
③ There seems/appears(to be)…(不用 look)
There appears to have been a mistake. =It appears that there has
been a mistake.
④ It seems so. =So it seems.看来似乎是这样。
8. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的 15 秒
钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。
9. Two-thirds of them died or injured during the earthquake. 三人之
二的人在地震中死去或受伤。
10. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more
than 400,000. 死伤的人数达到 40 多万。
10. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the
ruins.有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。
11. All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句为部分否定。
All, both, everyone, everybody, everything 以及 every 名词都表示全
部肯定；但当 not 在它们之前或之后都表示部分否定。no one, none
nobody, nothing, not…any, 以及 no 名词都表示全部否定。如：
① Both of them haven't read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故
事。
② All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this
problem. 这些男孩都很聪明，但没有一个人能解出这道题。
③ All bamboo doesn't grow tall.=Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所
有的竹子都长的高。
12. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been
destroyed. 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。
13. under the weight of
在……重压下，迫于
14. in the open air 在户外，在野外，露天
in the air 在空中，悬而未决
15. take turns to do sth 依次，轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地
It is your turn now.现在轮到你了。
No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn. 任何人都不准不按次
序买票。
16. be shocked at
对……感到震惊
17. be proud of
以……为自豪
18. Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on
July 28
19. express one's thanks to sb /for sth…
对/因……表示感谢
20. without warning 毫无预兆
21. next to 紧接着，相邻，次于
22. get away from…
避免，摆脱，离开
23. disarster-hit areas 灾区
24. raise money 募捐，筹款
25. Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only
when we understand what is said to us that we can have a
conversation with somebody. 听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有
当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。
26. It is believed that on the surface of the earth are a number of
plates. 人们认为地球表面是一些板块。
27. hold up 举起；托住；支撑；使停滞;耽搁；提出；阻挡；列举，
推举；(理论等)经得住
Women can hold up half of the sky.妇女能顶半边天。
28. make up 弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆,补足,
拼凑
Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.农民只
占人口的一小部分.
The boy made up a story; it was not true. 男孩编了个故事，这故事不
是真的。
29. The judge gave a prize and his congratulations to the cyclist who
won the competition.裁判把奖金颁给赢得比赛的自行车选手，并向他
祝贺。
30. The miners who had been trapped in the mine for two days were
finally rescued.被困在煤矿里两天的矿工们最后得到了营救。
31. The reporter recognized that the girl who was so frightened was
trying to avoid the question.记者意识到女孩很害怕，而且尽力地回避
问题。
32. The big fire destroyed two shops which are about four blocks
from here. 大火摧毁了离这儿四个街区的两个商店。
33. I can't express how I am feeling at the moment. 我无法表达我现
在的感觉。
34. It is said but true that people die in earthquakes from falling
furniture and bricks. 据说但是真实的，在地震中人们死于倒落的家
具和砖块。
35. be fixed to…被固定到……
36. be tied to … 被绑在……
必修 I---unit 4
二、练习
一）单项选择
1. The rich_____ not always happy.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
2. About_______ of workers in that steel works are young people.
A. third-fifths B. three-fifths C. three-fives D. three-fifth
3. I've told him____________.
A. a hundred time B. hundred times C. hundred of times D.
hundreds of times
4. His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ________ family was
poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
5. ________from his looks, he is a kind man.
A. Judging B. Being Judged C. To judge D. Judge
6. Instead of ________sights, Edison would spend the time
________in the public library.
A. seeing, to read B. see, read C. to see, to read D. seeing ,
reading
7. I work in a business _______ almost everyone is waiting for a great
chance.
A. how B. which C. where D. that
8. Hearing the old man's report, the officer _______ from his seat and
said something must be done to ________ people's living standards.
A. raised; rise B. rose; raise C. raised; raise D. rose; rise
9. __________ have known the results of the exam.
A. It seemed to B. It seemed to him to C. He seemed that he D. He
seemed to
10. How is it ______ he has made such rapid progress?
A. that B. why C. when D. the one
11. There were two buildings, _______ stands nearly a hundred feet
high.
A. the large B. the larger of them
C. the larger on that D. the larger of which
12. I've never been to Paris, but it is a place__________.
A. where I'd like to visit B. in which I'd like to visit
C. that I want to visit it most D. I most want to visit
13. Japan lies _______ the east of China. It is a developed country.
A. in B. on C. to D. from
14. 0
A. that B. which C. the one D. /
二）单词拼写
1. As a result of the accident, the e＿＿＿＿＿ has to be cut off.
2. We were s＿＿＿＿＿ when we heard of the news that they would
get married soon.
3. They began the r＿＿＿ work at once, as soon as the earthquake
happened..
4. The mother is very upset. I noticed her hand ＿＿＿＿＿. (shake)
5. It is u＿＿＿ to argue with him, he is too stubborn.
6. There were dozens of people i＿＿＿＿in the fire, and they were
sent to hospital immediately.
7. The balloon r＿＿＿ up slowly into the air.
8. Your hands will be d＿＿＿ if you play in the d＿＿.
9. The dead were b ＿＿＿ in the ground after the terrible
earthquake.
10. Earthquake is the most terrible d＿＿＿＿ in the world.
11. We should h＿＿＿ the soldiers who died in the war.
12. This is a s＿＿＿ about how to improve our learning skill, and it
was made by
Wang Guoquan.
13. The students are p＿＿＿＿ for the mid-term exam.
14. How many j＿＿＿＿ have been invited to the competition?
15. The city was completely d＿＿＿＿ by the earthquake.
16. Do you know who o＿＿＿＿＿ the meeting?
三）汉译英
1. 我谨向那些帮助过我的老师致谢。
2. 大部分矿工被救了出来。
3. 这座小城的许多房子都被暴风雨给摧毁了。
4. 地震过后，全村到处都是残垣断壁。
（一）
Keys1-5 BBDDA 6-10 DCBDA 11-14 DDCC
（二）
1. electricity 2. shocked 3. rescue 4. shaking 5. useless 6. injured 7.
rose 8. dirty, dirt
9. buried 10.disaster 11. honour 12. speech 13. preparing 14. judges
15. destroyed
16. organized
（三）
1.
I would like to express my thanks to the teachers who have helped me.
2.
Most of the miners were rescued.
3.
Many houses in the small town were destroyed by the storm.
4.
After the earthquake the whole village lay in ruins.( The earthquake
left the whole village in ruins.)
必修 I---Unit 5
I---V Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
一、知识点
1. A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
伟人是把自己的生命奉献给帮助别人的人。（He started to study
ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他开始研究
生态学，并决心将他的一生献身于这门科学。He devoted himself
entirely to music.他将一生奉献给了音乐。）
2. fight against 对抗，反对，与……作斗争
We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反对非正义
行为的斗争中, 我们都是同志.
People often have to fight for their liberty.人们往往不得不为自由而战。
He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.
他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。
3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese
soldiers. 作为一个医生他无私地在中国工作，并且拯救了很多中国战
士。
4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people's
rights; people's livelihood.
他主张三民主义：民主、民权、民生。
5. be free from 免于，不受
A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必须不抱成见。
6. in a peaceful way 以和平的方式
7. be in prison 入狱，在狱中服刑
in the prison 在监狱
8. the same…as…和……一样
9. the first man to land on the moon 第一个登上月球的人
10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次见到他的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。（定语从句）
11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨
地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。（He is generous with his money.他花
钱大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感谢你的帮助。Our grateful
thanks are due to you.我们衷心感谢你。）
12. have little education 受的教育少
13. I could not read or write well. 我既不会读也不会写。
14. I worried about whether I would become out of work. 我担心我是不
是会失业。
15. I became more hopeful about my future. 我对自己的未来充满了希
望。（I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow. 我对她明天要来抱着希
望。）
16. as soon as I could 尽快， 马上
17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping
our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we
have almost no rights at all. （定语从句） 过去 30 年来所出现的大量
法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几
乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 （The 19th century saw many changes. 许
多变革发生于 19 世纪。at an early stage in our history
在我们的历史早期）
18. …we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we
were less important, or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一个境
地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
19. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到这
个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。（Only 位于句首，修饰副词、
介词短语或状语从句时，句子采用部分倒装的语序；修饰状语从句时，
只有主句采用部分倒装的语序。
如：① Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
② Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三
次他才来参加会议。
③ Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重时，他
才卧床休息。
Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那时我才知道我的错误.）
20. as a matter of fact 事实上 （As a matter of fact，it is health that
counts. 事实上，健康才是最重要的。 As a matter of fact, parents don't
want their children to be in trouble. 事实上，父母都不希望子女有麻
烦。）
21. In 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings.
在 1963 年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。（Can you lend me a pump
to blow up my bicycle tyres?
你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗?
Then it turned out that some stars, like our own sun will blow up one day.
然后，事实上有些恒星，就像我们自己的太阳，有朝一日会爆炸。）
22. …I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and
white people equal. ……我知道这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等
的梦想。
23. in trouble 处于困境 遇到麻烦
Do as you're told, otherwise you'll be in trouble.叫你怎麽做就怎麽做,
否则有麻烦.
24. be willing to do sth. 愿意，乐于 Only very few people would be
willing to share with him their opinions.很少有人愿意跟他分享他们的
见解。
25. What was his attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced?
他对黑人面临的不公平处境什么态度？
26. turn to 变成；求助于，借助于, 翻到，转向
She had no one to turn to for advice.
她没有一个可以商量的人。
Who can I turn to in my hour of need? 在我需要的时候我能向谁求助
呢？
As they were out of work, Mr and Mrs Black had to turn to their relatives
for help.布莱克夫妇由于失业，不得不向亲戚求帮助。
27. … the quality of life for black people got worse. …… 黑人的生活质
量更糟糕。
28….many people remember me as one of the first active black fighters
for human rights 很多人认为我是为人权而战的第一批积极的黑人战
士之一。
29. lose heart 灰心;泄气, 丧失勇气,失去信心
Difficulties were increasing. Even then we did not lose heart. 尽管困难
在增加，但我们毫不灰心。
You will succeed sooner or later while you don't lose heart.只要你不失去
信心，你迟早会成功。
If you fail, you should not lose heart but just keep on going. 如果你失败
了，你也不该灰心。
30. escape from 逃脱，逃离，从……逃出
He listens to music as an escape from the pressures of work.
他听音乐以缓解一下工作的压力.
He stayed in the background to escape from the public attention. 他呆在
幕后为了避开公众的注意。
The couple had a narrow escape from the fire.这对夫妻从火灾中死里逃
生。
31. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we
should have been asleep. 在午餐的休息时间和晚上我们本应该睡觉的
时候他教授我们。
should have done 本应做而未做
needn't have done 本不应做而做了
can't have done 过去不可能做过
32. He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他
说他们不应该被剥夺通过学习获得学位的权利。
33. …but they did pass their exams. 但是他们确实通过了考试。
34. That made me feel good about myself. 这让我觉得自己还不错。
35. be better educated 受到良好教育
36. I didn't work again for twenty years until the ANC came to power in
1994. 在非国大于 1994 年执政之前，我有 20 年没有工作。（After
Mandela came to power and became president, his government did their
best to change the unfair situation for black people. 曼德勒掌权成为总
统后，他的政府尽力为黑人改变不平等的状况。）
37. All the terror and fear of that time came back to me.
我回忆起那时的所有的恐怖和令人畏惧的情景。
After the attack , her eyes filled with terror every time when she saw a
dog. 自从遭遇袭击之后，她每次看见狗，眼睛里都满是恐惧。
38. be proud to do sth.
I'll be proud to be part of it
我会以成为其中一份子而自豪。
be proud of sth
You should be proud of what you have achieved.你们应当为自己所取得
的成绩而自豪。
39. set up 创立，建立，为…作准备；竖立，架起，建造；开业，开始
经商
The company was set up ten years ago.
公司是十年前建立的。
He plans to set up his own business.
他决定自己做生意。
He begged me to let him join the club we have just set up. 他恳求我让
他加入我们刚建立的俱乐部。
40. be sentenced to … 被判处……
He suggested that the murderer referred to be sentenced to death at once.
他建议所涉及到的杀人凶手立刻被判处死刑。
Robert was sentenced to three years in prison for stealing and released a
month ago. 罗伯特因偷窃被判处三年监禁，于一个月前被释放。
41. Do you have any thoughts on that? 你认为那怎么样？
42. to my understanding
按我的理解
43. He was in poor health in his youth so he had to be educated at home.
他年轻时身体不好，所有只得在家接受教育。
44. be accepted by … 被……录取、接受
45. give free medical care to people there
给那儿的人免费医疗
As far as I know, in some developed countries people enjoy free medical
care.就我所知，在一些发达国家人们享有免费医疗。
46. He died from blood poisoning.
他死于败血症。
47. At that time the war between China and Japan was under way.那时中
日战争正在进行之中。
48. Mao Zedong praised Bethune's excellent qualities in this article. 毛
泽东在这篇文章了赞扬了白求恩的优良品质。
49. point of view 观察点；观点
It depends on your point of view.这将因个人观点而异。
50. compete with… 与……竞争
If you want to compete with someone, compete with yourself. 如果你想
同别人竞争，先同自己竞争。
51. advise v.
常用搭配
advise n./pron.
advise doing
advise sb. to do sth.
advise that 从句（从句的谓语用"should v 原"， should 常省略）
注：1）与 advise 用法类似的动词如 forbid, ,allow,permit,admit,consider
等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补（主补）时，宾补（主
补）要用不定式。
如：We forbid smoking here.（宾语，用动名词） We forbid you to smoke
here.（宾补，用动词不定式） You are forbidden to smoke here.（主补，
用动词不定式）
2）区别：advise（劝说）/persuade（劝服）
EX: 1)我劝过他，但未能劝服他。_______________________________
2) We trust you: only you can _____________ him to give up smoking.
A. suggest B. attract C. advise D. persuade
Keys: 1)I advised him but I couldn't persuade him. 2) D
二、练习
一)单词拼写
1. Q_______ is more important than quantity.
2. After 4 years' university study, he ______ his study for a bachelor's
degree.
3. She is not only beautiful, but also well e________.
4. She did a very good job and got a r_______ from the company.
5. I hated being treated with v________.
6. The c_______ of life put an end to his life.
7. In our country people of or over 18 have the right to v________.
8. The event has put him into an embarrassing p___________.
9. Boys are usually not a_________ in English class.
10. He broke the law and was put in p________.
二)短语翻译(每空一词)。
1．刚开学的那天，我们的老师就给我们提了一些学习英语的建议。
On the very first day of school, our teacher __________ us
___________ English learning.
2． 大多数下岗的人员都是文化不高的人。
Most of the people who ___ ____ ___ _____ usually have little
education.
3． 别灰心， 你会成功的。
Don't _____ _____. You will succeed.
4. 相信自己，别相信他的鬼话。
______ ______ yourself. Don't ___________ him.
5. 大学尚未毕业，他就创办了自己的公司。
He _____ ______ his own company before graduating from college.
6. 他从不为考试担心。
He ______never ______ ______ _______ examination.
7. 只有通过努力拼搏， 才能实现自己的梦想。
Only by working hard _____ you _________ your dream.
8. 我们决不能嘲笑那些陷入困境的人，相反，我们应该帮助他们。
We should never laugh at those ______ ________. On the contrary, we
should try our best to help them.
9. 他上台后就推出了一系列的改革方案。
After ______ ______ _________, he carried out a series of reform.
10. 他乐于助人。
He ______ ______ _____ ______ others.
三）单项选择
1. _____ out for the game. Some girls stay in the classroom, talking.
A. Not all the students go
B. All the students not go
C. Both the students don't go D. All the students go
2. You can't pass the coming examination if you ______.
A. lose your heart B. lose heart
C. lose hearts
D. lose your hearts
3. You can't _____ until tomorrow morning after the blood examination.
A. not only eat but also drink B. either eat or drink
C. neither eat nor drink
D. both eat and drink
4. If my brother is allowed to go out, ______.
A. so I should B. so am I C. so should I D. so I am
5. He ______ prison two years ago and now he _______.
A. was put in; was set free
B. was shut into, is set free
C. put into, has been set freely D. was put into; has been set free
6. Only at that time ______ that he had made a lot of mistakes in his
homework.
A. he realized
B. did he realize
C. he did realized
D. realized he
7. This is the plane _______ he went to Shanghai ______ business.
A. where, for a B. by which, on the
C. on which, on D. where, on
8. —I can 't see the words on the blackboard clearly.
—Why, your eyes need _____ .Perhaps you need _______ glasses.
A. to examined, to wear B. to examine ,to wear
C. to be examined, to wear D. examining, wearing
9.
Instead, he seemed to see Tom 's face, with the wide smile he ______
whenever he told a joke.
A. wore B. brought
C. appeared D. carried
10. This is ______ that dog.
A. as a big dog as B. as big a dog as
C. a as big dog as D. a big as dog as
11. A new school was ______ in the village last year.
A. held up B. set up C. sent up D. brought up
12. The number of the students in our school _____ large.
A. are B. is
C. am D. be
13. The road to the mountains _____ by the snow for almost a month.
A. has been cut off
B. have been cut off
C. has been cut down
D. have been cut down
14. According to the time table , the train for Beijing______ at seven
o'clock in the evening .
A. leaves B. has left
C. was left D. will leave
15. We were all waiting for you. You _____for the seaside by yourself
without leaving a message.
A. mustn't leave
B. shouldn't have left
C. could not have left
D. needn't leave
必修 I---unit 5 练习参考答案
（一）
1. Quality 2. continued 3. educated 4. reward 5. violence 6.
cruelty
7. vote 8. position 9. active 10. prison
（二）
1. advised; on 2. are out of work 3. lose heart 4. Believe in; believe
5. set up 6. has; been worried about 7. can; realize 8. in trouble
9. coming to power 10. is willing to help
（三）
ABBBD
BCCAB
BBAAB