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clothes clothing garment Dress wear gear
These are all words for the things that you wear, such as shirts, jackets, dresses and trousers.
clothes [pl. noun] the things that you wear, such as shirts, jackets, dresses and trousers.
Clothing [Uncountable noun] (rather formal) clothes, especially a particular type of clothes: warm clothing
clothes or clothing? Clothing is more formal than clothes and is used especially to mean ‘a particular type of clothes’.
There is no singular form of clothes or clothing: a piece/an item/an article of clothing is used to talk about one thing that you wear such as a dress or shirt.
garment (formal) a piece of clothing: He was wearing a strange shapeless garment. Garment should only be used in formal or literary contexts; in everyday contexts use a piece of clothing.
dress [Uncountable] clothes, especially when worn in a particular style or for a particular occasion: We were allowed to wear casual dress on Fridays.
wear [Uncountable] (usually in compounds) clothes for a particular purpose or occasion, especially when it is being sold in shops/stores: the children's wear department
gear [U] (informal) clothes: Her friends were all wearing the latest gear (= fashionable clothes).
casual clothes/clothing/dress/wear/gear
evening/formal clothes/dress/wear
designer/sports clothes/clothing/garments/wear/gear
children's/men's/women's clothes/clothing/garments/wear
to have on/be in/wear …clothes/garments/dress/gear
以上综合摘抄自《牛津高阶英语词典第八版》英语原版
注：
1,上面说的Dress是不可数名词，是说，当dress含义是“衣服”时，是不可数名词；而dress还有“连衣裙”等意思，可以是可数名词。
所有同义词的比较都是将各单词相同意义的义项进行比较，分析其含义的细微差别和使用场合的不同，这样才会有意义。而不同意义的义项其意义本就不同，就没必要再去比较了。
2,注意发音。cloth，含义：布，n.中字母“o”的发音同Clothing、clothes、clothe等的发音不同，前者是发Ball中的“al”音，后3个是发goat中的“oa”的音。而“th”发音也和后三者不同，为清辅音，后三者的“th”都是发浊辅音。
3,服装公司，我见过garment/chothing company说法较多，感觉clothes company可能是错误的说法。